Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis is a group of autoimmune inflammatory disorders affecting both grey and white matter of the central nervous system. Encephalitis with autoantibodies against the N‑methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) is the most frequent autoimmune encephalitis syndrome presenting with a characteristic sequence of psychiatric and neurological symptoms. Treatment necessitates a close interdisciplinary cooperation. This article provides an update on the current knowledge on diagnostic standards, pathogenesis, and treatment strategies for anti-NMDA-R encephalitis from psychiatric and neurological perspectives.
Keywords:
Autoantibody-mediated encephalitis; Herpes simplex encephalitis; Neurological symptoms; Ovarian teratoma; Psychiatric symptoms.
MeSH terms
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Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / diagnosis
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Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / immunology*
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Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / psychology
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Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis / therapy*
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Autoantibodies / blood*
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Cognition Disorders / diagnosis
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Cognition Disorders / immunology
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Cognition Disorders / psychology
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Cognition Disorders / therapy
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Diagnosis, Differential
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Female
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Humans
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Interdisciplinary Communication
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Intersectoral Collaboration
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Male
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Mental Disorders / diagnosis
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Mental Disorders / immunology
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Mental Disorders / psychology
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Mental Disorders / therapy
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Neuralgia, Postherpetic / diagnosis
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Neuralgia, Postherpetic / immunology
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Neuralgia, Postherpetic / psychology
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Neuralgia, Postherpetic / therapy
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Ovarian Neoplasms / diagnosis
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Ovarian Neoplasms / immunology
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Ovarian Neoplasms / therapy
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Paraneoplastic Syndromes / diagnosis
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Paraneoplastic Syndromes / immunology
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Paraneoplastic Syndromes / psychology
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Paraneoplastic Syndromes / therapy
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Prognosis
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Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / immunology*
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Teratoma / immunology
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Young Adult
Substances
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Autoantibodies
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Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate