Entrepreneurs’ Motives Shaped by Socioeconomic and Country Effects: China and Denmark
| Projekttitel | Entrepreneurs’ Motives Shaped by Socioeconomic and Country Effects: China and Denmark |
|---|---|
| Projekttype | Anvendt forskning og udvikling |
| Frascati | Ja |
| Tema | Business | Entreprenørskab |
| Teaser | This study is original and valuable as a first to compare necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship in China and Denmark. |
| Status | Afsluttet |
| Ejer | |
| - Akademi | IBA Erhvervsakademi Kolding |
| - Kontaktperson | Mahdokht Sedaghat Adjunkt mase@iba.dk 72118200 |
| Nat./Int. | Internationalt |
| Projektperiode | 01. september 2016 - 31. december 2017 |
| Projektbeskrivelse | |
| - Projektresumé | The starting point is the proposition that entrepreneurs are different at engaging in entrepreneurial activities. Necessity entrepreneurs engage in entrepreneurship to avoid unemployment, whereas opportunity entrepreneurs pursue a recognized opportunity for profit. This proposition is refined by investigating inequalities within entrepreneurs in terms of age, gender and education. These propositions are hypothesized to differ from one country to another, here China and Denmark. We hypothesized that gender, age, education and country effects motives. A further refinement is to consider that country moderates the impacts of gender, age and education on motives. Drawing on country level data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and based on a sample of 13,670 entrepreneurs covering the period 2001-2015 illustrates that gender, age, education and country effects motives in China and Denmark, in that women are less frequently opportunity motivated than men; older entrepreneurs are less frequently opportunity motivated than younger entrepreneurs; educated entrepreneurs are more frequently motivated by opportunity than less educated entrepreneurs; and Chinese entrepreneurs are less frequently motivated by opportunity than their Danish counterparts. |
| - Baggrund og formål | |
| - Aktiviteter og handling | |
| - Projektets Metode | The method for testing the hypotheses is Logistic Regression (LR) using SPSS. LR is a categorical model for the effects of various conditions upon the motives, ex. motive is opportunity or necessity. |
| - Projektets Forventede Resultater | |
| - Projektets Forventede Effekt | |
| Tags | |
| Deltagere | |
| - Studerende | |
| - Medarbejdere | IBA Erhvervsakademi Kolding Peter Waring Lei |
| - Virksomhedsrepræsentanter | Shanghai Lixin University of Accountning and Finance (SLUAF), ChinaShuyi Zhang |
| - Andre | |
| Partnere | |
| Finansiering | |
| Resultat | Seven hypotheses have been specified. Hypothesis 1.Gender effects motives; in that women are less frequently opportunity motivated than men. Results show that gender effects motives (the effect is negative and significant). Therefore, women are less frequently opportunity motivated than men in China and Denmark.
Hypothesis 2.Age effects motives; in that older entrepreneurs are less frequently opportunity motivated than younger entrepreneurs. Age, likewise, effects motives (the effect is negative and significant). Therefore, the older entrepreneurs are less frequently opportunity motivated than younger entrepreneurs in China and Denmark.
Hypothesis 3. Education effects motives; in that educated entrepreneurs are more frequently motivated by opportunity than less educated entrepreneurs. Education effects motives (the effect is positive and significant). Therefore, educated entrepreneurs are more frequently motivated by opportunity than less educated entrepreneurs in China and Denmark.
Hypothesis 4. Country effects motives; in that Chinese entrepreneurs are less frequently motivated by opportunity than Danish entrepreneurs. Country effects motives (the effect is negative and significant). Therefore, Chinese entrepreneurs are less frequently motivated by opportunity than Danish entrepreneurs.
Hypothesis 5. The gender effect on motives depends on country; in that women in China are especially seldom motivated by opportunity. Interaction effect of country and gender on motivation is not significant. Gender effect is similar in these two countries. Hypothesis 6. The age effect on motives depends on country; in that older Chinese entrepreneurs are especially seldom motivated by opportunity. Interaction effect of country and age on motivation is not significant. Age effect is similar in these two countries. Hypothesis 7. The education effect on motives depends on country; in that educated Chinese entrepreneurs are especially often motivated by opportunity. Education effect is different in these two countries; in that educated Chinese entrepreneurs are especially often motivated by opportunity. (that positive effect of education upon opportunity motive is even stronger in China than Denmark). |
| Evaluering | |
| Formidlingsform | |
| - Resultatets formidling | |
| - Resultaternes værdi | |
| - Målgruppen | |
| - Publikationer | Workingpaper Workingpaper Workingpaper |