European Energy Poverty Observatory indicators: EPOV provides a range of different primary and secondary indicators of energy poverty, broken down by country, and according to a range of demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Two of these indicators are based on self-reported experiences of limited access to energy services (based on EU-SILC data): arrears on utility bills and inability to keep the home adequately warm. These are what we might think of as indicators of the symptoms of energy poverty.

Download the dataset and code used to create this graph comparing the two indicators across countries and regions in Europe. The data is based on the EPOV indicators for the year 2015.