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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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active transport
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The movement of materials against a concentration difference
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carrier protein
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a channel embedded in the plasma membrane that allows certain material to pass through
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concentration gradient
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a difference in concentration across a space
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cytolysis
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cell rupture
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diffusion
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The process by which particles tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
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endocytosis
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the process of taking materials into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane
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equilibrium
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concentration equal throughout a space
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exocytosis
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cells use this process to release large amounts of material; the membrane of the vacuole fuses with the cell membrane forcing the contents out of the cell.
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facilitated diffusion
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the process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels
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homeostasis
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relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms maintain
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hypertonic
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when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes
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hypotonic
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when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes
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ion channel
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a channel in the plasma membrane that allows only certain ions to pass through
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isotonic
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When the concentration of two solutions is the same
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osmosis
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diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
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passive transport
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the movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy
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phagocytosis
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cell eating; a type of endocytosis in which extensions of cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole. The cell then engulfs it.
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pinocytosis
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a type of endocytosis in which cells take up liquid from the surrounding environment
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plasmolysis
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cell shrinking
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protein pumps
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Energy from ATP is used to operate these- Active transport proteins change shape during the process, binding substances on one side of the membrane and releasing them on the other side.
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turgor pressure
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pressure exerted onto cell wall by plasma membrane
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