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1 | TIWG - Interoperability Readiness Levels | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2 | Capability Enablement | Discovery | Access | Understanding | Data | Standards | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
3 | Level 1 | Data from different sources cannot be used together | Probably none, hard coded or inaccessible catalog interface | Not modular components (part of a larger application), platform specific, undocumented, no distributed access, closed/restricted source (not open source) | Content of data is not directly comparable to any other data | Data in unknown or undocumented formats with little or no auxiliary content information available | Individual standards. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4 | Level 2 | Human use of data from different sources using different code for each | REST-style access to form interface (via scraping) | Proprietary and complicated dependencies, strict platform dependencies, limited documentation, no discovery (registry) | Some parts of data may be comparable to other data only through informal human to human interaction | Data in documented formats with little or no auxiliary content information available | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5 | Level 3 | Programmatic use of data from different sources via extensive custom code | Catalog accessible but undocumented and changing. Manual search. | One-off specialized implementations (no standardization of API or functionality), poor documentation. | Extensive human-human interaction required to gain full meaning of data | Data in documented formats with full content information available as free text | Organizational-level standards. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | Level 4 | Programmatic access to data services from different sources via extensive custom code | Some common catalog conventions at directory (dataset) level | Documentation exists in common modern language(s) (no Latin), platform/language dependencies, distributed (non-standard) access. | Semantic agreement on some of the content based upon ad hoc community shared knowledge | Data in documented formats with available IO routines and full content information available as free text | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
7 | Level 5 | Incorporation of novel data and services into applications with minimal custom code | Common catalog protocols with some conventions at directory and inventory level | Adherence to (documented) specification standards, distributed access providing platform independence (e.g. data type interoperability) | Semantic agreement on content based upon ad hoc community shared knowledge | Data in syntactically self-describing formats, content (I.e., semantics) info available as free text | Associational standards. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
8 | Level 6 | Incorporation of novel data and services into applications with substantial configuration | Common catalog protocols with community vocabulary at both directory and inventory level, limited registry support, discoverable | Follows specification standards, supports recognized interface definition conventions (common vocab) human or machine interpreted | Semantic agreement on content based upon common vocabularies | Data in syntactically self-describing formats, some content info using community vocabularies | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | Level 7 | Incorporation of novel data and services into applications with minimal configuration | Services discoverable in community registries of services | Full registry support, discoverable, machine interpretable definitions, standardized/recognized data structures | Semantic agreement on content based upon ad hoc ontologies | Standard data types in syntactically self-describing formats, quality, applicability, etc. information not semantically captured | National standards. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
10 | Level 8 | Human-triggered incorporation of novel data and services into applications | Services discoverable in global registries of services with complete syntactic information | Discipline/Domain-specific ontology support using recognized semantic tools | Semantic agreement on content based upon community-accepted ontologies | Standard data types in syntactically self-describing formats, quality, applicability, etc. information partly semantically captured | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
11 | Level 9 | Automatic discovery and incorporation of novel data and services into applications with no human intervention | Services discoverable in global registries with complete syntactic and semantic information | AI capability. Completely automated mediation of services. | Semantic agreement on content based upon universally accepted ontologies | Data, its quality, realms of applicability, etc. fully self-described both syntactically and semantically | International standards. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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