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TIWG - Interoperability Readiness Levels
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Capability EnablementDiscoveryAccessUnderstandingDataStandards
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Level 1Data from different sources cannot be used togetherProbably none, hard coded or inaccessible catalog interfaceNot modular components (part of a larger application), platform specific, undocumented, no distributed access, closed/restricted source (not open source)Content of data is not directly comparable to any other dataData in unknown or undocumented formats with little or no auxiliary content information availableIndividual standards.
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Level 2Human use of data from different sources using different code for eachREST-style access to form interface (via scraping)Proprietary and complicated dependencies, strict platform dependencies, limited documentation, no discovery (registry)Some parts of data may be comparable to other data only through informal human to human interactionData in documented formats with little or no auxiliary content information available
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Level 3Programmatic use of data from different sources via extensive custom codeCatalog accessible but undocumented and changing. Manual search.One-off specialized implementations (no standardization of API or functionality), poor documentation.Extensive human-human interaction required to gain full meaning of dataData in documented formats with full content information available as free textOrganizational-level standards.
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Level 4Programmatic access to data services from different sources via extensive custom codeSome common catalog conventions at directory (dataset) levelDocumentation exists in common modern language(s) (no Latin), platform/language dependencies, distributed (non-standard) access.Semantic agreement on some of the content based upon ad hoc community shared knowledge Data in documented formats with available IO routines and full content information available as free text
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Level 5Incorporation of novel data and services into applications with minimal custom codeCommon catalog protocols with some conventions at directory and inventory levelAdherence to (documented) specification standards, distributed access providing platform independence (e.g. data type interoperability)Semantic agreement on content based upon ad hoc community shared knowledge Data in syntactically self-describing formats, content (I.e., semantics) info available as free textAssociational standards.
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Level 6Incorporation of novel data and services into applications with substantial configurationCommon catalog protocols with community vocabulary at both directory and inventory level, limited registry support, discoverableFollows specification standards, supports recognized interface definition conventions (common vocab) human or machine interpretedSemantic agreement on content based upon common vocabulariesData in syntactically self-describing formats, some content info using community vocabularies
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Level 7Incorporation of novel data and services into applications with minimal configurationServices discoverable in community registries of servicesFull registry support, discoverable, machine interpretable definitions, standardized/recognized data structuresSemantic agreement on content based upon ad hoc ontologiesStandard data types in syntactically self-describing formats, quality, applicability, etc. information not semantically capturedNational standards.
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Level 8Human-triggered incorporation of novel data and services into applicationsServices discoverable in global registries of services with complete syntactic informationDiscipline/Domain-specific ontology support using recognized semantic toolsSemantic agreement on content based upon community-accepted ontologiesStandard data types in syntactically self-describing formats, quality, applicability, etc. information partly semantically captured
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Level 9Automatic discovery and incorporation of novel data and services into applications with no human interventionServices discoverable in global registries with complete syntactic and semantic informationAI capability. Completely automated mediation of services.Semantic agreement on content based upon universally accepted ontologiesData, its quality, realms of applicability, etc. fully self-described both syntactically and semantically International standards.
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http://tinyurl.com/tiwg-irl
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