Tāmbūra--Tuṃburu Tīrtha, Tirumala & Indus Script Indus Script Sign 311 tambura ‘lyre’ rebus: tambra ‘copper’ Lyre plaque from a Ur tomb, a narrative describing the smelter and smithy of copper of a खोंड khōṇḍa ’young bull rebus: कोंड kōṇḍa 'a circular hamlet (of a guild) तम् ु बरुः tumbaruḥ, तम् ु बर ु ुः tumburuḥ Name of a Gandharva; तम्बु रु. रम् A kind of musical instrument. kola ‘jackal’ rebus: kol ‘working in iron’ kolhe ‘smelter; khara ‘onager’ rebus: khār ‘blacksmith’. Thus, ironsmelter and coppersmith. -- This is an addendum to: Lyres of Ur tombs and Indus Script Sign 311 of tambura ‘lyre’ tambra ‘copper’ & smithy signifiers https://tinyurl.com/ms2d9vdp https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Papers kalyan97@gmail.com 1 Jackal holds a drink Ta. kuṭi (-pp-, -tt-) to drink, inhale; n. drinking, beverage, drunkenness; kuṭiyaṉ drunkard. Ma. kuṭi drinking, water drunk after meals, soaking; kuṭikka to drink, swallow; kuṭippikka to give to drink, soak; kuṭiyan drunkard. Ko. kuṛy- (kuṛc-) to drink (only in: uc kuṛy- to drink urine, i.e. to be humbled). To. kuḍt- (only 2nd stem) to drink (in song; < Badaga or Ta.). Ka. kuḍi to drink, inhale; n. drinking; kuḍisu to cause to drink; kuḍika, kuḍaka drinker, drunkard; kuḍita, kuḍata drinking, a draught; kuḍu, kuḍiyuvike drinking. Koḍ. kuḍi- (kuḍip-, kuḍic-) to drink. Tu. kuḍcuni to drink excessively, swallow liquor; kuḍcelů, kuḍicelů drunkenness; kuḍcele, kuḍicele drunkard. Te. kuḍucu to eat, suck, drink, enjoy, suffer; kuḍupu to feed, suckle, cause to eat, enjoy, or suffer; n. eating, food, enjoying, suffering; kuḍupari one who eats, enjoys, or suffers; kuḍi right, right-hand; kuḍiti the washings of rice, split pulse, etc., used as a drink for cattle. Cf. 1658 Ko. guṛakn. / Cf. Skt. kuṭīintoxicating liquor.(DEDR 1654)Rebus: kuṭhi ‘Smelter’ + kola ‘jackal’ rebus: kol ‘working in iron’ kolhe ‘smelter’ https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Papers 2 kalyan97@gmail.com Tāmbūra-1 --Tuṃburu Tīrtha, Tirumala Tumburu Tīrtha is one of the most popular teerthams around Tirumala. Tumburu Teertham is generally open to public for only one day in a year on the day of Chaitra Pournima which falls on the last day of the Annual Vasantotsavam calebrations of Lord Venkateswara at Tirumala Temple. and remains closed for the rest of the year. Vasantotsavam generally falls in the months of March - April and exact dates can be found in any TTD Calendars. Music Credits: Title: Tupelo_Train By: Chris Haugen https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x4sX1jEq0a4 Tumburu Teertham, Tirumala https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Papers kalyan97@gmail.com 3 Tāmbūra-2 This beautiful nineteenth-century tambura is one of the best examples to be preserved from that period in a museum. It has a gourd body attached to a wood neck and belly. It is decorated with bone and ivory inlay and paintings of mythological figures in the South Indian Mysore style.https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/ search/503459 This tambura has a round, bowl-shaped resonator made of wood. Inlaid on its belly in ivory is a seven-pointed star radiating from a circle that surrounds the image of a god that could be a depiction of Rama. To each side is a peacock and a small tree. At the top of the pegblock, above the frontal peg, is an image of the god Shiva. https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/503338 https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Papers kalyan97@gmail.com 4 Tāmbūra-3 A lady playing tanpura Tanjore tāmbūra Taūs (mayuri) “The standard tuning of a Tanpura is 5-8-8-1 (sol do' do' do). In Indian sargam, it comes out to be PA sasa SA. In the five stringed tambura, the seventh or NI (natural minor or major 7th) is added with the music coming out as PA-NI-sa-sa-SA (5-7-8-8-1) or MA-NI-sa-sa-SA (4-7-88-1). The principle of jivari, which produces rich buzzing sound, is applied in order to attain the overtone-rich sound.” https://music.indobase.com/musical-instruments/tambura.html https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Papers https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/indi/hd_indi.htm kalyan97@gmail.com 5 Tumburu (तुम्बर ु ) The name of a Gandharva, [Rāmāyaṇa] 3,8,12 Archaeological Survey of India: Śaiva monuments at Paṭṭadakal (śilpa) -- Tumburu (तम्बु रुु ) is depicted as part of a Naṭarāja sculpture on the third pillar of the southern half of the maṇḍapa of the temple of Lokeśvara.—Śiva dancing with his consort Umā is very well carved in the semi-circular medallion. By the side of Śiva is a figure with feet in the pose of vīrāsana, but the body and the head turned in ninety degrees towards Śiva. His head looks like that of a horse. We identify him with horse-headed Tumburu. (i) Tumburu was a member of the court of Indra. (Śloka 14, Chapter 7, Sabhā Parva). (ii) Tumburu was a member of the court of Kubera. (Śloka 26, Chapter 10, Sabhā Parva). (iii) The songs of Tumburu who was a worshipper of Kubera used to be heard from the mountain of Gandhamādana on the full-moon day. (Śloka 29, Chapter 159, Vana Parva). --Puranic encyclopaedia by Vettam Mani | 1975 | Story of Tumburu https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Papers kalyan97@gmail.com 6 Tuṃburu (Ghoṇa) Tīrtha ” After thinking thus they remembered the divine, fascinating words of the noble-souled son of Brahmā, Nārada (for) absolving all sins. They go to Śrī Veṅkaṭa, the mountain that dispels the sins of Brahmin-slaughter etc. They take their holy bath in the waters of Svāmipuṣkariṇī, the excellent Tīrtha. Thereafter, O Brāhmaṇas, all those Tīrthas take their bath (i.e. flow into) in the exceedingly sacred Ghoṇatīrtha on the Full-Moon day in conjunction with the Constellation Uttarāphālgunī when the Sun is in the Zodiac Pisces. Who is capable of knowing (completely) the greatness of that Tīrtha in the entire universe consisting of the three worlds?” The Skanda Purana by G. V. Tagare | 1950 |Chapter 26 - The Greatness of Tuṃburu (Ghoṇa) Tīrtha https://dcpune.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman/Papers kalyan97@gmail.com 7