Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR129

Need for Research Colaboratuion among

Librarians of Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic
Kazaure and Federal Polytechnic Daura
Ibrahim Idi Ahmad, NCE, BLIS, MLIS, MPhil, PhD
Polytechnic Librarian
08039220525/08028600336
Federal Polytechnic Daura
Katsina State

Abstract:- The study investigated need for research Though the idea has gained widespread recognition,
collaboration among librarians of Hussaini Adamu very few studies have attempted to define what exactly
Federal Polytechnic Kazaure and Federal Polytechnic qualifies as a research collaboration. According to Moseley
Daura. The goal of research collaboration among the (2021), a research collaboration is defined as "the working
librarians is to come together in conducting research together of researchers to achieve the common goal of
and discover new ideas as a group in order to improve producing new scientific knowledge." In addition to the
research, knowledge-sharing, effective support, and drive created by globally applicable research issues,
services among the teeming patron community. Survey collaborative research initiatives appear to have been
research design was used for the study and the target influenced by numerous other social, economic, and
population of the study is the librarians of the two political factors. This definition is based on the dictionary
polytechnics who are working in the services library and definition of collaboration. The requirements of
the department of library and information science. The organizations that sponsor research can be ranked highly
total number of population is 22 and the entire among them. Funding agencies seem to be encouraging
population of the study was sampled because the number more and more collaborative research ventures through the
can management to be use. The instruments used for the allocation of funds, particularly in the field of social
data collection was questionnaire which consist of three research.
sections. Section A. was sought to obtained information
about the demographic data of the respondents. Section According to Ultimo (2021), collaboration can be
B. contain questions related to the variables of the study defined as a partnership, a union, or the act of creating
and section c. covered question related to the challenges something jointly. It is possible for two or more individuals,
associated with the partnership and research whether they are close friends or total strangers, to
collaboration. A descriptive statistics was used to analyze collaborate. When collaborating, one needs to be receptive
the data such as simple percentage, frequency count and to the possibility of coming up with something greater than
mean score with use of table. The study found that there what could be accomplished separately.
are shortages of librarians in the two federal polytechnic
under study, there is dire need for the research Academic librarians and their libraries have found that
collaboration between the two polytechnics but at the only way to enhance the services they provide to library
present, the collaboration is very low. The followings are users is to increase the amount of information available
some of the recommendation of the studyThe through partnerships and resource collaboration. This type
management of the two polytechnics under study should of collaboration is known as interlibrary collaboration,
educate librarians on the need for research which is the practice of one library using the resources of
collaboration.. The management of the two polytechnics another library and vice versa. Therefore, a collection of
under study should create awareness on the benefits of libraries cooperating for the benefit of all parties involved
research collaboration with colleagues outside the might be referred to as a resource sharing system.
library
Globally, polytechnic education is typically designed
I. INTRODUCTION and focused on producing future leaders and highly skilled,
specialized workers in science and technology who are vital
Research is the investigation and study of materials to the nation's sustainable growth and development. All of
and sources in order to establish facts and reach new those dreams cannot be realized unless scholars actively
conclusions. The most significant element that promotes and collaborate through partnerships and research collaborations.
expedites economic development is research because it is When two or more groups of people work together to share
the only source for expanding the boundaries of knowledge, and exchange knowledge and expertise in order to complete
skills, training, and competence for the labor force. a project or meet a common goal in research activities, this

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Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR129

is known as collaboration or partnership. According to as a reliable indicator of research collaboration because few
Ultimo (2021), collaboration can be defined as a partnership, scientists willingly give up credit for their publications,
a union, or the act of creating something together for goals. leading us to believe that co-authorship represents real-
It is possible for two or more people, whether they are close world interactions between individuals and groups.
friends or total strangers, to collaborate. When collaborating
with others as researchers, it's important to be open to the  Statement of the Problem
possibility of creating something greater than what could be Need for research collaboration among academic
accomplished separately. libraries of Hussaini Adamu Federal Polytechnic Kazaure
and Federal Polytechnic Daura entail an avenue where two
The roles and support services offered by academic or more libraries, organization or institutions come together
librarians in the institutions of higher learning environment to join in writing and research findings. There is a dire need
is increasingly challenging due to the proliferation of online for the activities considering the similarities of the two
content, high demand of resources by users and the modern institutions intern of courses, staff and location. When the
shift in academic activities (Fari & Ingawa 2020). As a activities are practices, it will enhance cordial relationship,
result, they must look for an alternative ways to demonstrate increase productivity that uphold result in satisfying the
their potentialities for partnership especially in the area of needs of library patron community, as it becomes wise path
research collaboration more than ever before. of forming cordial relationship and overcoming the libraries
weakness in the area of resources and services provision
The fundamental tenet of research collaboration is that (Tanko 2012). In view of the above assertions, it is evident
neither researchers nor librarians are capable of becoming that the need and readiness of the academic librarians
self-sufficient during their academic careers. The growth of towards forming of partnership and research collaboration
all forms of literature, the increased reliance on information activities in libraries is enormous. However, evidence from
to enable the digital society to function, the rising cost of the review of related literature, such as Obasola (2015),
information materials, and the rapid increase in technology Adam and Usman (2013), Awa, & Kalu, (2017) has shown
availability suggest the need for effective resource sharing that there is little empirical evidence ascertaining the need
services. Partnerships are required to address this norm, as and reasons why librarians are engaging in partnership for
does resource sharing in research activities. research collaboration. Therefore, the reasons for Need for
research collaboration among academic libraries numerous.
Most of researches on academic librarians' It is against the aforementioned problem that this study
participation in partnerships or research collaborations investigated the Need for partnership and research
employed a positivist method to arrive at their conclusions collaboration among academic libraries of Hussaini Adamu
(Fari & Ingawa 2020, Chigwada 2020, Gbaje, Moseley Federal Polytechnic Kazaure and Federal Polytechnic
2021, Yani and Odigie 2018). Due to the empirical
methodology's heavy reliance on surveys for data collecting, II. LITERATURE REVIEW
many studies may lack the rigor and depth necessary to fully
understand the phenomena under investigation. An in-depth Research collaboration no doubt support the
examination and comprehension of the event from those participants to have reliable better research activities and
involved would be an alternate strategy for exploring a new engagement. Naszuoke (2001) stated that librarians must
phenomenon including human experience, as there has been demonstrate a wide range of skills and attributes in their
a void in the literature about the methodological approach work, whether they are collaborating on research alone or
(Creswell and Creswell 2017). Thus, the purpose of this with a group. There is a wealth of data demonstrating how
study was to investigate the roles of academic librarians as collaborative research produced in higher education has
research partners and the competences required to improve aided in the growth and dissemination of knowledge
their performance in research partnerships. The research was worldwide. Atkinson (2019) opines that librarians need to
designed as a qualitative study. possess certain traits and skills, either individually or
collectively. Among the essential personal attributes he
Adams (2012) opines that academic librarians are listed were: The ability to establish and maintain
growing their networks of partnerships and research connections with others; knowledge of social media and
collaborations globally in order to provide better services to other technologies; ability to manage time and multitask;
the patrons of their individual libraries. According to the ability to communicate and use general social skills; and
author, when the degree of intellectual power shifts away ability to plan, organize, prioritize, and negotiate tasks.
from the Atlantic axis, such trends are likely to upend the
current quo of knowledge production. Adams (2012) draws Enakhire, Chista and Tella (2020) conducted a study
attention to the emergence of innovative regional networks on the collaboration of librarians, drawing conclusions from
that are shifting the global distribution of research activity observational and interview research reports from three
and bolstering the skills and capabilities of developing institutions in Zimbabwe and Nigeria. The challenges listed
research economies. Adams (2012) adds that when include the detrimental effects of a bad work attitude,
collaboration and co-authored publications are employed in cultural and stylistic parameters, such as concept, attitude,
tandem, knowledge and other learning activities can be and professional barriers; the impact of policies and
transferred and merged in research collaboration among procedures that dominate collaboration; the exploitation of
librarians. Similar to this, Adams (2012) sees co-authorship weak members; a lack of clarity and justification for

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Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR129

collaboration/partnership; members' resistance to change in find each other and to sustain their collaboration. Examples
collaboration; a lack of socialization; and the size of the of these technologies include telephones, handsets, fax
group. machines, and email; shipping services like one-day
delivery; and travel to national and international
In the context of library literature, the term "research conferences. Higher education institutions are under
collaboration" refers to cooperative relationships between pressure to strengthen member collaborations in order to
two or more parties who come together to conduct research strengthen their capacity to produce and disseminate
activities (Atkinson, 2019). It also frequently refers to the knowledge and to maximize impact on practices in order to
idea of working toward common goals (American accomplish the goals of their respective institutions, given
Association of School Librarians, 2018). According to the rise in the 21st century and the heightened demand for
Atkinson (2019), working together also contributes to knowledge. No library, no matter how large, and its
"enhance[ing] services for all patrons." Consequently, as librarians can successfully satisfy its consumers from the
collaboration is frequently a larger partnership connection in materials (Song, 2000).
which parties come together and work towards shared or
unique goals, the concepts of cooperation and coordination These days, the value of a library and its librarians is
can also be incorporated in the concept of collaboration. determined more and more by the assistance and services
they provide in assisting users in gaining access to global
This study had examined how librarians collaborate knowledge, resources, and information than by the materials
with school personnel to foster and grow collaboration themselves. Song (2000) went on to say that the degree to
between the two organizations, using the more extensive which information resources and services are used has
definition that includes cooperative efforts between two evolved into a benchmark for assessing a nation's economic
organizations. Even though librarians are frequently urged to progress and power. "Cooperation and join research between
work together, it has been shown that successful librarians is a universal language spoken indifferent
collaborations have greater buy-in from all parties involved. dialects," Naszuoke (2001) claimed in her contribution.
Consequently, since collaboration affects both the final Enhancing librarian collaboration and library services is the
product and the actions of the collaborative members, aim of these joint endeavors. Today the following elements
positive attitudes and a desire for cooperation are essential make cooperation a strategic subject for libraries:
for every business. globalization of the economy and social changes shaping the
so-called information society involve the globalization of
III. BENEFITS OF RESEARCH the activities of all institution including libraries and the
COLLABORATION librarians.

The concept of research collaboration among librarians Collaborating on research projects together has several
in Nigeria has taken unprecedented importance not because advantages for librarians working at academic institutions.
Nigeria is going through a period of austerity measures, but Concisely, researchers can be more expressive and
rather because of the current era of information explosion productive in a shorter amount of time. Researchers are
and the requirement of research activities, The departments better able to utilize their unique skills and conduct research
of library and information sciences and library services in a more efficient manner. The workflow can be more
department are always searching for innovative approaches flexible when there is collaboration, so nobody has to do it
to their research as well as more effective methods to use completely. Collaborators divide the task and focus on their
technology to serve both new and existing populations. strongest areas of expertise. Working together on research
projects offers the chance to make up for lack of experience,
No single person has the resources, expertise, or education, or training. By contributing complementary
knowledge to handle every research issue; librarians, qualities, the partners expand the skill set accessible in the
funding agencies, and the scientific community themselves research and establish a mutually beneficial and symbiotic
tend to favor programs that enlist the participation of relationship between the research and itself (Olanusi and
reputable experts from every important field of expertise. Falade, 2023).
Making wise partner selections can save a great deal of time
and money. Thirdly, interdisciplinary cooperation is While upholding the principles of our distinct
frequently more likely to result in breakthroughs than strict viewpoints as librarians and information workers, there is a
adherence to tried-and-true techniques. Fourthly, working chance to resolve gaps in the caliber of our theory and
together is highly valued in the private sector. Legislation research by collaboration with scholars both inside and
inside institutions, industry (which values academics' beyond the library profession. Practically speaking,
knowledge and reputation), and academia itself (which can librarians have a very useful resource at their disposal that is
gain from both short- and long-term private financing frequently disregarded. We have discovered that other
sources) are all supportive of institutions and academia. colleagues in departments of social science, education,
Finally, collaborations are easier now than before with the and/or business are creating and evaluating theories that
current invention and social changes. apply to libraries and librarians, as well as to patrons and
even staff members. A librarian's creative teamwork can
The proliferation of information and communication frequently identify a multitude of projects that could be
technology has made it easier for potential collaborators to beneficial to all of the institutions.

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Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR129

problem-solving, and management in the workplace. It is a

According to Naszuoke (2001), research collaboration crucial element and a crucial function of academic librarians
is a clear-cut, mutually advantageous partnership that at as practitioners and researchers, as well as faculty members.
least two associations enter into to accomplish and share In the subject of library and information science, more and
goals in research and other academic activities. The better research is always needed. But not all practitioners of
relationship entails a dedication to shared objectives and library and information science are deeply engaged in
relationships, a cooperatively created structure and shared research. Research partnership for competences should be
accountability, reciprocal authority and accountability for developed by faculty, schools, and librarians, since it
accomplishments, resource and reward sharing, and joint advances the theory and practice of library and information
publication among members. Olanusi and Falade (2023) science. In Awa and Kalu (2017).
have identified three types of research collaboration First,
cooperation between academic librarians, specifically The goal of all research collaboration activities is to
between librarians in the same institution and between increase cooperation between information scientists and
librarians from various institutional libraries; Secondly, librarians in general. However, there are some particular
cooperation between the university library and academic advantages for both libraries when they form strong research
staff and/or special study and research centers within a collaboration activities, which are listed below. Significantly
university; Thirdly, cooperation among university libraries lower operating expenses, a greater capacity to offer
in their institutional capacity to address shared issues and services at a lower cost and with greater efficiency, a greater
improve service delivery in their respective service areas. degree of interpersonal collaboration, a notable decline in
negative rivalry, and exposure to international library
In the literature on libraries and information science, practices for librarians better library collaboration,
research collaboration is a crucial concept that has been standardized library procedures, the capacity to draw in
highlighted alongside others like cooperation, networking, funding from international donor organizations and
and interlibrary lending. They are critical to the business, support for digitalization and infrastructure, and
development of the field of library and information science the avoidance of duplication in resource purchases.
(LIS) both scientifically and professionally. It supports
faculty and librarians' ability to improve teaching and IV. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
learning, research, library and information services, and
cost-benefits in sharing human resources. It also helps Survey research design was used for the study and the
academic libraries and library and information science target population of the study is the librarians of the two
schools accomplish their shared goals. (Aytac, 2010) federal polytechnics who are working in the library services
departments and the department of library and information
Nowadays, researchers from all around the world, sciences. The total number of population is 22 and the entire
especially those in higher education, frequently collaborate population of the study was sampled because the number is
on projects. Academics can now cooperate with colleagues management to be use. The instruments used for the data
anywhere in the world because to the change brought about collection was questionnaire which consist of three sections.
by information and communication technology and its Section A. sought to obtain information about the
attendant facilities, which have made the entire world into a demographic data of the respondents. Section B. contains
global village. All agreements wherein information, question related to the variables of the study and section C.
resources, knowledge, and services are shared and published covered question, related to the challenges associated with
by two or more parties and are between academic the research collaboration. A descriptive statistics was used
institutions, corporate bodies/organizations, polytechnics, to analyses the data collected.
universities, and any combination of two or more parties are
referred to as "research collaborations" (Tella, Akinboro,  Objectives of the Study
and Hammed, 2012). The major objective of this study is to examine need
for research collaboration among libraries of Hussaini
Librarians must be willing to cooperate and work with Adamu federal polytechnic Kazaure and federal polytechnic
other organizations in order for libraries and the people they Daura. To achieve the objective, the following specific
serve to benefit. This will not only make libraries more objective are develop:
valuable to their users, but it also raises and improves the  Determine whether or not librarians in the in the two
level of job satisfaction and research for librarians. Federal Polytechnic libraries engaged in research
Collaboration frequently results in new connections, ideas, collaboration between themselves
support, and collaborative alliances. Collaboration in  Find out the benefits of forming research collaboration
research can also aid in obtaining the financing, materials, between the two Polytechnics..
space, equipment, personnel, and programming that are  Identify challenges associated with research
required (Awa, & Kalu, 2017). collaboration among the participants.

In library and information science, research

collaboration is highly valued for several reasons, including
the generation of new knowledge, the advancement of the
field and profession, and improved decision-making,

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 Research questions V. RESULT OF THE STUDY

The following research questions will be drawn to
guide the study The analysis and interpretation of data obtained from
 Did the librarians under study engage in research the participants using questionnaire on their demographic
collaboration? information, their engagement in research collaboration
 What are the benefits derived in forming research activities, the benefits they derived in forming research
collaboration? collaboration and challenges associated with research
 What are the challenges associated with research collaboration among the participants under study.
collaboration between the two polytechnics?
 The Response Rate of Participants

Table 1 Response Rate of Population

S/N QUESTIONAIRE QUESTIONAIREN RETRIVED
FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC DISTRIBUTED
1 Hussain Adamu Federal Polytechnic, Kazaure 11 9
2 Federal Polytechnic Daura 14 13
TOTAL 25 22

The table 1 above, shows that 25(100%) questionnaire was distributed among the participating librarians in the institutions
under study, and 22(88%) was retrieved and found useful for the study.

Table 2: The Participants’ Gender

MALE FEMALE TOTAL
16(73%) 6(27%) 22(100%)

Table 2 shows that out of the total participants 22(100%), 16 (73%) were male librarians and only 6(27%) are female. This
shows that, there high number of male librarians in the two federal polytechnic under study.

Table 3 Qualification of the Participants

S/N Qualification Frequency Percentage
1 ND 5 23%
2 HND 4 18%
3 BLIS 10 45%
4 MLIS 2 9%
5 PhD 1 5%
TOTAL 22 100%

Table 2 shows the qualifications of the librarians under study Out of which 10(45%) have Bachelor degree in Library and
Information Science. Follow by 5(23%) with National Diploma in Library and Information Science, then 4(18%) are having
Higher National Diploma. 2(9%) are having Masters in Library and Information Science, while only 1(5%) of the participants is
having Doctor of Philosophy in Library and Information Science. This shows that participants with first degree are majority in the
two institutions under study.

For analyzing the data, the data collected from the respondents strongly agreed and agreed as well as strongly disagreed and
disagreed were collapsed into two. Such as agreed and disagreed for better understanding, clarification and easy analysis as
follows: strongly agreed (SA) and agreed (A) are collapsed as agreed (a), while strongly disagreed (SD) and disagreed (D) are
collapsed as disagreed (D).

Table 4: Need for Research Collaboration

S,N ITEM St.A A D S.D Total
1 There is need for research collaboration among librarians as it carry 11 8 0 3 22
more weight in undertaking.
2. Published papers with colleagues enhance productivity and 10 11 0 1 22
cooperation
3. Published with colleagues in the same institution and neighboring 8 13 1 0 22
polytechnic encourage collaboration
4. It allows many greater research input and synergy when there is join 9 11 2 0 22
research
5. Published join research papers with colleagues’ outside the 11 11 0 0 22

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department yield more experiences

6. My profession allow collaboration to support and mentor others 12 10 0 0 22
7. There need to engage in research collaboration as it serves time, cost 13 8 1 0 22
and sharing of resources.

Table 4 shows the responses based on the need for research collaboration, 22(100%) agreed that Published join research
papers with colleagues outside the department yield more experiences and my profession allow collaboration to support and
mentor others. Follow by 21(95.5%) agreed that published with colleagues in the same institution and neighboring polytechnic
encourage collaboration, Published with colleagues in the same institution and neighboring polytechnic encourage collaboration
and there need to engage in research collaboration as it serves time, cost and sharing of resources.

This is followed by 20 (90.9%) which indicated that, It allows many greater research input and synergy when there is join
research and lastly 19(86.4%), agreed that there is need for research collaboration among librarians as it carry more weight in
undertaking while 3(13.6%) disagreed. The result corroborate the finding of Bahr and Zemon (2000) that there is the need for
research collaboration among the librarians as it increases mutual relationship and better support services.

Table 5: Benefits of Research Collaboration

S,N ITEM St.A A D S.D Total
1 Through Partnership and research collaboration there is sharing of 10 11 1 0 22
skills
2. Research collaboration is part of mentoring 14 8 0 2 22
3. It will generates new insight that individual working on his own 10 11 1 0 22
may not have
4. It allows may greater research input 15 7 0 0 22
5. It provides intellectual companionship 12 10 0 0 22
Relationship
6. It enhances quality of research publication 11 11 0 0 22
7. It serves time and cost due to sharing of resources and services 11 9 1 1 22

Table 5 revealed that the respondents agreed on the benefit of research collaboration among librarians of the two federal
polytechnics. The results show that, 22(100%) agreed that research collaboration is part of mentoring, it allows may greater
research input, it provides intellectual companionship relationship and it enhances quality of research publication. This is
followed by 21(95.5%) which show that through research collaboration there is sharing of skills generates new insight that
individual working on his own may not have.

Lastly, 20(90.9%) which revealed that It serves time and cost due to sharing of resources and services. The results of the
findings revealed that majority of the respondents agreed that research collaboration allows brainstorming; teamwork and it yield
good benefits among the participants as it allows sharing of skills, techniques and knowledge among others. This shows that the
benefit of research collaboration among librarians of the two institutions. This finding is in line with Adams (2012) who posited
that collaborative research might also provide researchers with unique opportunities to work with other researchers that would
otherwise not be expresses.

Table 6: Challenges Associated with Research Collaboration

S,N ITEM St.A A D S.D Total
1 Lack of internet Access and its connectivity 12 8 1 1 22
2. Struggle over ranking of Authorship 9 11 2 0 22
3. Lack of skills and competency of authors on ICT 13 9 0 0 22
4. Differences in opinion idea 15 6 0 1 22
5. Lack of research funding 10 12 0 0 22
6. Delay \ non contribution by others 8 13 1 0 22
7. Lack of awareness on the benefit of collaborative research 10 10 1 1 22

Table 6 revealed that Lack of skills and competency of Authorship and Lack of awareness on the benefit of
authors on Information and Communication Technology collaborative research. From the results of the findings, one
facilities and lack of research funding as a challenges can see those challenges such as collaborative research
constitute 22(100%) of the challenges which follow by findings problem of internet access and connectivity as well
21(95.5%) differences in opinion idea and Delay \ non as skills and competency of Authors on ICT are the major
contribution by others. Lastly, 20(90.9%) Lack of internet challenges of research collaboration among the academic
Access and its connectivity, Struggle over ranking of librarians. From the results of the findings, one can see those

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Volume 9, Issue 4, April – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24APR129

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