Metabolites in the Chemical-Microbe Network

Elizabeth Kujawinski, WHOI (ekujawinski@whoi.edu) Mary Ann Moran, University of Georgia (mmoran@uga.edu) Sonya Dyhrman, Columbia University (sdyhrman@ldeo.columbia.edu)

metabolomics, microbial interactions, analytical chemistry, metabolic modeling,

The chemical – microbe network underpins ecosystem structure function relationships and biogeochemical cycling in aquatic systems. The metabolites of this network are organic molecules produced during biochemical reactions within organisms that cross all taxonomic levels in aquatic systems. They are analytically challenging to quantify due to their heterogeneous chemical nature and their dilute concentrations in aquatic systems relative to background organic matter. Nevertheless, metabolites play critical roles in determining the functions of aquatic microbiomes, serving as growth substrates, co-factors and/or infochemical signals within microbial consortia. Despite the central role of the chemical-microbe network in the aquatic carbon cycle, our knowledge of metabolites and their dynamics in various aquatic systems remains poor. This session invites presentations on all aspects of metabolite cycling in aquatic systems in laboratory, field and/or modelling investigations. We seek studies that explore the mechanisms behind production of metabolites by autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms, as well as empirical observations of metabolite consumption and numerical modelling investigations of predicted metabolite production and consumption. We are particularly interested in studies that consider shifts in metabolite dynamics and the resiliency of the chemical-microbe network under changing planetary conditions. Analytical method developments that expand the lexicon of metabolites in aquatic studies are also welcome.

https://www.aslo.org/palma-2023/scientific-sessions-list/

Disentangling complex long-term pH and O2 trends in coastal and estuarine systems from global and regional drivers

Ming Li, mingli@umces.edu; Wei-Jun Cai, Jacob Carstensen, Hans Paerl, Jeremy Testa

hypoxia, acidification and basification, climate change, eutrophication, land-use changes

Unlike the open ocean which exhibits a clear monotonic trend in acidification and deoxygenation, long-term pH and O2 changes in estuaries and coastal systems are complicated due to a multitude of global and regional drivers. Despite a clear link between nutrient enrichment and hypoxia, the response of coastal eutrophication to a variety of diverse drivers requires improved understanding. In large stratified systems with strong benthic-pelagic coupling and where physical processes regulate oxygen supply to bottom waters, the response of hypoxia to nutrient load is often complex and nonlinear. In addition, climate change, such as warming and changing river flows, may alter key baselines impacting the functioning of coastal systems and their responses to eutrophication. Similarly, coastal pH has shown diverse long-term trends and large spatial variability, featuring acidification in some regions but basification in others. While rising atmospheric pCO2 and respiration of organic material decrease pH and weaken the buffer capacity, a number of other processes act to increase pH, including phytoplankton photosynthesis, human-accelerated chemical weathering and alkalinization in rivers, and export of alkalinity and calcium carbonate from seagrass, salt marsh and other ecosystem components. Discerning how these global and regional drivers affect the dissolved oxygen dynamics and carbonate chemistry is critical for understanding the complex long-term pH and O2 trends in estuarine and coastal systems and developing appropriate management and adaptation strategies. In this session we solicit contributions that address the long-term pH and O2 changes in estuaries and coastal oceans. We welcome theoretical studies that advance our conceptual understanding of the global and regional drivers of the dissolved oxygen dynamics and carbonate chemistry in coastal waters. We also welcome retrospective analysis of long-term monitoring data to distill the effects of climate change, eutrophication and land-use changes in driving the long-term trends in pH and O2. Finally, we encourage submission of modeling studies that investigate how warming, changing precipitation and draught patterns, storms, rising atmospheric CO2, river alkalinization, and export of alkalinity and organic matters from seagrass, marsh and other ecosystem components affect the dissolved oxygen and carbonate chemistry in different estuarine and coastal systems.

https://www.aslo.org/palma-2023/scientific-sessions-list/

Biogeochemical Cycling in the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico and Beyond

Tim Conway (tmconway@usf.edu), Angela Knapp (anknapp@fsu.edu), Kristen Buck (kristen.buck@oregonstate.edu), Juan Carlos Herguera (herguera@cicese.mx), Jessica Fitzsimmons (jessfitz@tamu.edu)

GEOTRACES, biogeochemistry, gulf, caribbean, trace elements

The Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico are dynamic and interconnected marginal seas that host the complete range of marginal oceanographic environments, including coastal shelves, eutrophic coastal systems, oligotrophic open ocean waters, small anoxic basins, gradients of dust deposition, hydrocarbon seeps, and locations of hydrothermal venting and volcanic activity. Large atmospheric, riverine, submarine groundwater, and other fluxes, as well as biological productivity and export, strongly influence the biogeochemistry of nutrients and trace elements and their isotopes (TEIs) in this region, yielding a high degree of spatial and temporal variability. Further, the presence of the Mississippi River, periodic algal blooms, and pollution events (e.g. Deepwater Horizon, Piney Point, episodic nutrient discharges) make the region an ideal natural laboratory for testing biogeochemical hypotheses. At a broader scale, teleconnections between the Tropical Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, the Gulf Stream, and the North Atlantic provide unique opportunities to investigate how marginal environments may serve to transform nutrient and TEI signatures prior to transport to open ocean waters. Here, we invite contributions that characterize the variability in the biogeochemistry, geochemistry, and/or physical oceanography of the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean, and especially the linkages between these seas and the North Atlantic Ocean. Suggested contributions may include, but are not limited to, descriptions of water column nutrient, TEI, or geochemical distributions; biogeochemical rate measurements; characterizations of molecular ecology, benthic, SGD, or other geochemical fluxes; and descriptions of circulation that impact Gulf biogeochemical dynamics. This session aims to bring together interested international investigators both to highlight new results from the Gulf and also identify areas of common interest and collaborative opportunities to help inform future planning in GEOTRACES, OCB, Global Ocean Observing Systems, and other relevant national and international programs.

https://www.aslo.org/palma-2023/scientific-sessions-list/

Societally Relevant Ocean Forecasts and Projections of Climate Change and Ocean Acidification

Samantha Siedlecki, University of Connecticut (samantha.siedlecki@uconn.edu); Richard Bellerby, Norwegian Institute for Water Research (richard.bellerby@niva.no); Roberta Guerra, Università di Bologna (roberta.guerra@unibo.it)

ocean acidification, regional carbon sequestration, modeling, forecasts, climate downscaling

The anthropogenically forced increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide is accompanied by a commensurate trend in the carbonate system of the global ocean, a phenomenon called ocean acidification, recognized by the IPCC to be “highly certain”. In coastal environments, local processes can modulate or exacerbate this trend, and these processes occur on spatial scales that are not well represented in global climate models (GCMs). As a result, prognostic information to support decisions facing coastal communities subject to OA impacts is largely lacking. Ocean predictions and projections on the local scale to support decisions will require us to employ new technologies such as digital twins, machine learning, high resolution local predictions, and regional earth system models. Access to these ocean forecasts and projections seamlessly into everyday life will result in a more climate savvy public changing people’s behaviours, increasing public awareness, expanding knowledge and perceptions, and contributing to the UN SDGs. The data will allow for mitigation of climate change impacts on coastal communities as well as the natural environment like coastal acidification driven by eutrophication by examining scenarios within these tools to develop more realistic plans for management within a multi stressor framework. The production of these projections and associated data products will enable better marine resource management decisions. These tools will allow for implementation of OA adaptation and mitigation strategies, and integration of this information into other adaptation and mitigation strategies like marine carbon sequestration and removal, thus enhancing our international capabilities. The UN Decade program “Ocean Acidification Research for Sustainability” (OARS) alongside GOOS: CoastPredict aims to provide a roadmap to achieve this vision. In support of this shared vision, this session aims at highlighting best practices for forecasting and providing localized projections of climate needed, new approaches to address the computationally intense requirements of providing climate information at hyper-local scales, innovative technologies that integrate autonomous real time observations and visualization of the output. We invite all approaches that deliver forecasts, projections of state, variability, phenology as well as novel ways of delivering data/knowledge to stakeholders.

https://www.aslo.org/palma-2023/scientific-sessions-list/ see session SS117

WCRP Open Science Conference 2023

Galen McKinley (mckinley@ldeo.columbia.edu), Pedro Montiero and Ana Bastos

Advances in understanding of the land and ocean carbon cycle perturbation over the historical period and into the 21st century and beyond.

https://wcrp-osc2023.org/call-abstract

Biological Pump Dynamics and Trophic Transfer in Pelagic Ecosystems of the Atlantic

Rubens Lopes, University of Sao Paulo (rubens@usp.br); Rainer Kiko, GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel (rkiko@geomar.de); Helena Hauss, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway (heha@norceresearch.no); Lars Stemmann, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV) (lars.stemmann@imev-mer.fr)

Biological Carbon Pump, Trophic Transfer, All-Atlantic Research Alliance, Global change, Sustained observations

The biological pump is a major driver of carbon export from the atmosphere into the upper mixed layer and down to the deep ocean, where carbon is sequestered for several centuries. Plankton- and nekton-mediated processes affect the magnitude of gravitational and active carbon fluxes, controlling a plethora of key mechanisms such as ocean acidification, trophic transfer, and bentho-pelagic coupling. Carbon export efficiency varies significantly depending on the magnitude of photoautotrophic production, the influence of species composition and food web structure at different depths and trophic levels. Both primary and secondary producers are thus major drivers of biogeochemical feedbacks to global change. In recent years, a significant effort was put in motion to promote integrative ocean science connecting countries along and across the Atlantic Ocean, building from the initial impulses given by the Galway and Belém Statements signed by the European Union and Atlantic partners. Important research efforts within this framework investigate Atlantic ecosystems, their microbiome and metazoan communities, the different components of the biological pump and related biogeochemical cycles, and strategies to manage the Atlantic ecosystems in the context of expected global change. The application of novel molecular and imaging tools, in concert with seascape and connectivity studies and modelling approaches, drive recent progress in understanding the pelagic ecosystems of the Atlantic. Questions that now can be addressed also include the resilience and recovery potential of the biological pump and trophic transfer towards global change and human perturbations. This session invites contributions that represent new advances in understanding overall ecosystem functioning and carbon fluxes from the surface to the deep ocean. These could range from process studies over contributions from observational efforts to modelling approaches demonstrating how novel data and analytical tools can improve our understanding of plankton- and nekton-mediated carbon fluxes in the Atlantic during times of global change.

https://www.aslo.org/palma-2023/scientific-sessions-list/

Microbial carbon cycling from the continents to the oceans: molecular mechanisms to global impacts on the biosphere

Kohen Bauer, Sean Crowe, Amanda Spivak, Meagan Eagle, Sophie Nixon, Jennifer Pett-Ridge

microbe, carbon cycling, biogeochemistry, scaling

Microbial communities play a central role in carbon cycling, which can influence biogeochemical cycles and shape the evolution of the biosphere. These processes occur at multiple scales, from the building and breaking of organic compounds, both natural and manmade, to modulating atmospheric O2 and CO2 levels across geologic time. They also operate in all ecosystems, from terrestrial and deep subsurface environments, to coastal habitats, through to the global ocean. Constraining how microorganisms interact with their environment and each other to mediate transformations of inorganic and organic carbon, either directly (metabolic interactions) or indirectly (ecological interactions) is, therefore, central to reconstructing biogeochemical dynamics in the Earth system. Insight emerging from both contemporary and paleo studies, however, reveal that microbial carbon cycling is highly complex, making the broad scale environmental impacts difficult to assess.

Here we seek contributions that link dynamics in microbial carbon cycling to the response of Earth-life-climate system. In particular we welcome submission of multidisciplinary studies from all ecosystem types both modern and ancient, from the continents to the oceans, and anything in between. We encourage contributions that employ multiple 'omics approaches, applications of organic and inorganic geochemistry, microbiology, chemical and biological oceanography, experimental and analytical isotope geochemistry, and modelling.

https://conf.goldschmidt.info/goldschmidt/2023/meetingapp.cgi/Session/4851

Mixotrophs and Mixotrophy

Nicole Millette (nmillette@vims.edu), Natalie Cohen, Solange Duhamel, Bob Sanders, Michael Henson

It is now accepted that many eukaryotic plankton fall along a nutritional spectrum between photoautotrophy and phagotrophy, and function as mixotrophs (also referred to as mixoplankton). However, advancing our understanding of the ecological, physiological, and biogeochemical functions of these mixotrophs remains an important goal. Recent applications of omics, isotopes, flow cytometry, theoretical modeling, and evolutionary studies, to name a few, are beginning to elucidate the prevalence and importance of mixotrophs in various ecosystems. With research on mixotrophs and mixotrophy expanding over the past decade, further knowledge gaps and new questions in this field have been identified. This session invites studies that have utilized innovative or traditional methodology to improve our understanding of mixotrophs and mixotrophy in vitro, in situ, and in silico. Studies covering topics related to physiological attributes, ecological traits and tradeoffs, food-web interactions, trophic transfer, mixotroph evolution, biogeographical distributions, contributions to biogeochemical cycling, physiological attributes, responses to climate change, in situ method development, or any other research theme related to eukaryotic mixotrophs are welcome.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/192912

Recent advances in understanding the ocean carbon cycle

Neill Mackay (N.Mackay@exeter.ac.uk), Jens D. Mueller (jensdaniel.mueller@usys.ethz.ch), Lydia Keppler (lkeppler@ucsd.edu), Katherine E. Turner (katherine.turner@noaa.gov)

The ocean carbon cycle and climate variability are interlinked on timescales from months to millennia. In our changing climate, the natural steady-state exchange of carbon between the atmosphere, and the surface and interior ocean is being perturbed. The ocean absorbs anthropogenic carbon; meanwhile, variability in ocean physics and biogeochemistry modulates air-sea CO2 fluxes and interior transports of both natural and anthropogenic components. Understanding the ocean carbon cycle, including how it responds to climate change, is critical to our ability to make accurate climate projections, and to provide context for carbon removal approaches. Furthermore, perturbations to the natural carbon cycle are likely to become more important under future scenarios with declining emissions. In this session, we welcome submissions addressing all aspects of the ocean carbon cycle, including air-sea fluxes, interior transports, the changing carbon inventory, and how they reconcile with one another; physical and biogeochemical mechanisms underlying carbon cycle variability and trends; and future projections. We encourage submissions from studies using a range of methodologies, including observations and observation-based reconstructions (e.g., using SOCAT, GLODAP, SOCCOM, and BGC-Argo), inverse methods, numerical and data-assimilating ocean and Earth System/CMIP models, state estimates, and theory. We especially welcome contributions arising from the RECCAP2 project.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/194299

OT008: Democratizing Ocean Observation via Cost-Effective Fishing Vessel-Based Integrated and Other Approaches to Ocean Data Collection

Patrick Gorringe, Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Norrköping, Sweden, Hassan Moustahfid, NOAA/NOS/US Integrated Ocean Observing System, Silver Spring, United States, Moninya Roughan, University of New South Wales, Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, Sydney, NSW, Australia and A. Miguel Piecho-Santos, IPMA-Portuguese Institute for the Sea and the Atmosphere/CCMAR-Center of Marine Sciences Univ. Algarve, Lisbon, Portugal

Ocean Technologies and Observatories; Data and information discovery; International collaboration; Instruments and techniques; Benefit-cost analysis

Given the rapid pace of climate change impacts on marine ecosystems and coastal stakeholders, managing marine resources sustainably is becoming a dynamic process. Robust sources of ocean information alongside accurate operational modeling and decision support systems are essential for managing blue economic growth and the impacts of climate change on marine ecosystems. While modern observing systems capture a wealth of information, the subsurface and coastal regions remain challenging data gaps. The spatiotemporal extent of these data gaps overlap with fishing activities in the shelf regions, as well as other maritime industries and potential citizen scientists. Collaboration with maritime industries and stakeholders can serve as cost-effective platforms of opportunity that can deploy an assortment of oceanographic instrumentations; and, the fact that many fishing gear types already profile through the water column presents a unique subsurface data collection opportunity. This session invites abstract submissions that showcase fishing vessel-based and other collaborative observations and their use and uptake. Additionally, we welcome submissions that address technological innovations in sensor development, data management solutions, end-to-end systems, as well as key gaps and future needs to support emerging climate solutions and sustainability of our ocean by democratizing ocean observation.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/198149

Observation-Based Data Products of Ocean Biogeochemistry: Progress and Future Outlook

Jonathan Sharp, Raphaëlle Sauzède

Biogeochemical cycles, carbon cycling, data interpolation, photosynthesis, chemical tracers

Observations have revealed significant changes to ocean carbon cycling, oxygen distributions, nutrient availability, and productivity over recent decades. While advanced models are used to project future changes to these processes, discrepancies between models and observations remain challenging to assess due to the spatiotemporal sparsity of ocean biogeochemical observations. Satellite remote sensing is one approach to bridge this gap, but only for a few properties at the ocean surface. Another promising approach requires in situ observations that are well-distributed in time and space, coupled with statistical, machine-learning, or interpolative techniques to fill gaps in those scattered observations. These strategies have been pioneered for surface ocean CO2 chemistry and ocean interior temperature and salinity. Now, ongoing efforts to establish a global Biogeochemical-Argo array have introduced an opportunity to use these strategies to produce global, seasonally and inter-annually resolved fields of ocean interior biogeochemical fields. This session aims to bring together researchers actively involved in the creation, analysis, or optimization of ocean observational products. Our primary objectives are to showcase new and in-development data products and to foster strategic discussions for moving forward in observation-based product creation and analysis, with the main goal of gaining deeper insights into ocean biogeochemical dynamics.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/194859

Our Changing Ocean: Findings from 30 Years of Sustained Observations

Alison Macdonald, Zach Erickson, Adam Martiny, Masahito Shigemitsu

All Sustained Observations, Impacts of global change,Climate variability, Biogeochemical cycles,processes, and modeling,

The ocean’s absorption of ~25% of emitted anthropogenic CO2 and 93% of the resulting excess climate system heat has led to ocean warming and acidification. Climate influences the ocean’s physical, biogeochemical, and biological processes, and the oceans play a key role in moderating climate. Therefore, understanding ocean-climate interactions and how they and the ocean are changing, requires a sustained coordinated effort to collect accurate multi-disciplinary observations.

From WOCE/JGOFS to CLIVAR to GO-SHIP, for three decades, countries around the world have actively engaged in obtaining the highest-quality, repeat, land-to-land, full-water-column, hydrographic transects. Bio GO-SHIP has begun to bring the same observational regimen to bear on our understanding of the distribution and biogeochemical role of plankton communities. GO-SHIP delivers the critical science required to fully account for the highly interactive and dynamically evolving nature of the many processes that govern the ocean environment and ecosystem.

This session will highlight these sustained observations and their use to project our planet's evolving climate system in response to ongoing and future climate change. We invite contributions using and interpreting any facet of GO-SHIP observations. All avenues of investigation are welcome, including modeling and remote sensing studies performing comparisons and/or assimilations.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/195949

Time-series observations of ocean biogeochemistry: what we have learned and what we will learn

Maki Noguchi Aita (macky@jamstec.go.jp, JAMSTEC Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology), Makio Honda (hondam@jamstec.go.jp, JAMSTEC), Rut Pedrosa Pamies (rpedrosa@mbl.edu, Marine Biological Laboratory), Angelicque E White (aewhite@hawaii.edu, University of Hawaii at Manoa)

Time-series observations, biogeochemical cycles, climate-driven changes, field and satellite observations, numerical models

Ocean time-series monitoring and sampling has provided several scientific and societal insights, such as understanding climate-driven changes in ocean temperature, biogeochemical cycles and marine ecosystems. Several long-term multi-variable data sets covering the atmosphere's and ocean's physics from the surface to the deep layer are international available in data repositories (e,g., OceanSITES, BCO-DMO). However, data sets of water column and seafloor biogeochemistry measurements are not fully sufficient to our understanding of ocean function. For example, there is still a lack of understanding of the relationship between surface primary production, the biological carbon pump, and the carbon requirements of organisms in the deeper layers. Furthermore, long-term data to understand the coupling between biological responses and biogeochemical cycling and increasing environmental multi-stressors, such as global warming, acidification, and anoxia, is essential. In this session, we will emphasize the importance of sustained ocean time-series programs, and discuss the key issues that should be addressed to maintain and enhance ocean observation systems and reduce uncertainties in model predictions, in addition to the knowledge obtained from time-series observations to date, as well as the linkage of various approaches, such as field observations, satellite observations, numerical models, and technological development.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/195074

New thoughts to old questions: Quantifying Carbon Export and Attenuation and their Controlling Mechanisms in the Ocean

Montserrat Roca Martí, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Montserrat.Roca.Marti@uab.cat), Erin E Black, University of Rochester (eblack10@ur.rochester.edu), Stephanie Kienast, Dalhousie University (stephanie.kienast@dal.ca), Morten H. Iversen, Alfred Wegener Institute & MARUM (miversen@marum.de)

Biological carbon pump, carbon export and attenuation, controlling mechanisms, carbon sequestration pathways, traditional and emerging methods

With accelerated climate change, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive understanding of the role of the biological carbon pump (BCP) in oceanic carbon sequestration. We especially need seasonal and long-term monitoring to identify and understand the controlling mechanisms of the BCP and its potential for climate change mitigation. Recent awareness of several new carbon sequestration pathways suggest that traditional techniques have missed a substantial fraction of carbon flux that is exported beyond the gravitational sinking of particulate organic carbon (POC) via vertically migrating organisms and physical injection pumps. Shifts in pelagic microbial and planktonic ecosystems directly impact the efficiency of the BCP which, in turn, impacts the ecosystem. To discuss established and new approaches to understand carbon export and attenuation, we invite colleagues who use a range of techniques, including radioactive tracers, proxies, sediment traps, marine snow catchers, in situ imaging and sensing (moored, profiling, gliding, floating, etc.), molecular methodologies, incubation and respiration measurements, as well as numerical modeling. We hope to attract a multidisciplinary group to discuss the functioning of the BCP in the present and future ocean.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/195513

Zooplankton Mediated Processes – A Crossroads for Ocean Carbon

Shannon Doherty, Adam Greer, Amy E Maas, Marc Frischer (sdohert@ncsu.edu)

Zooplankton comprise a variety of organisms that transfer carbon and other elements from primary producers to higher trophic levels, the microbial loop, and the ocean interior. The composition of the zooplankton community is diverse both taxonomically and ecologically, ranging from the single celled protists to crustaceans, as well as relatively large gelatinous carnivores, filter feeders, and the early life stages of most marine animals. Quantifying the abundance, diversity, productivity, trophic links, and interactions between zooplankton and their environment is therefore critical for predicting ecosystem-level consequences of environmental change. Recent studies have made great strides describing and quantifying zooplankton mediated processes, but several knowledge gaps remain, particularly with respect to gelatinous zooplankton (e.g., cnidarian medusae and thaliaceans) and protists, which are fragile and have been historically understudied due to methodological challenges. We invite studies that explore new sampling approaches, including in situ imaging, acoustics, ‘omics, and stable isotopes to quantify zooplankton food web interactions and effects on the biological pump, along with investigations of zooplankton productivity in relation to physical and chemical properties of the ocean. We strongly encourage interdisciplinary studies that incorporate multiple scales of observation and new approaches to integrate observations into both empirical and mechanistic models.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/198082

Zooplankton Mediated Processes – A Crossroads for Ocean Carbon

Shannon Doherty, sdohert@ncsu.edu; Adam Greer, atgreer@uga.edu; Amy Maas, amy.maas@bios.edu; Marc Frischer, Marc.Frischer@skio.uga.edu

zooplankton, biological pump, trophic ecology, protists

Zooplankton comprise a variety of organisms that transfer carbon and other elements from primary producers to higher trophic levels, the microbial loop, and the ocean interior. The composition of the zooplankton community is diverse both taxonomically and ecologically, ranging from the single celled protists to crustaceans, as well as relatively large gelatinous carnivores, filter feeders, and the early life stages of most marine animals. Quantifying the abundance, diversity, productivity, trophic links, and interactions between zooplankton and their environment is therefore critical for predicting ecosystem-level consequences of environmental change. Recent studies have made great strides describing and quantifying zooplankton mediated processes, but several knowledge gaps remain, particularly with respect to gelatinous zooplankton (e.g., cnidarian medusae and thaliaceans) and protists, which are fragile and have been historically understudied due to methodological challenges. We invite studies that explore new sampling approaches, including in situ imaging, acoustics, ‘omics, and stable isotopes to quantify zooplankton food web interactions and effects on the biological pump, along with investigations of zooplankton productivity in relation to physical and chemical properties of the ocean. We strongly encourage interdisciplinary studies that incorporate multiple scales of observation and new approaches to integrate observations into both empirical and mechanistic models.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/198082

Physical transport and biogeochemical cycling in the subpolar North Atlantic

Jannes Koelling (jannes@uw.edu), Jaime Palter, Ric Williams, Fiamma Straneo, Hilary Palevsky

Biogeochemical cycling, air-sea gas exchange, biological carbon pump

The subpolar North Atlantic is a key region for regulating Earth's climate which features strong ocean-atmosphere interaction and connects the upper and lower branches of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). The progressive transformation from warm surface waters into North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) and their subsequent equatorward spreading drives northward ocean heat transport, sequesters anthropogenic carbon, and oxygenates the deep ocean. Recent advances have significantly improved our understanding of sources of AMOC variability and spreading pathways of NADW, as well as the biogeochemical implications of both. This session will highlight the latest research on ocean physics and biogeochemistry in the subpolar North Atlantic in a broad interdisciplinary setting. We invite contributions on a diverse set of topics including AMOC variability and its connection to Earthâs climate, the transport pathways and transformation of heat, freshwater, oxygen, nutrients and carbon throughout the basin, and their links to air-sea gas exchange, carbon sequestration, and the biological carbon pump. The session encourages submissions using the wealth of data from past and ongoing observational programs, such as OSNAP, OVIDE, AZOMP, and BGC-Argo, as well as studies using regional or global models.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/195794

Scaling Nature's Symphony: Unveiling the Rhythms of Aquatic Environments

Antonio Mannino, Michelle Gierach and Mara Freilich, antonio.mannino@nasa.gov

Diurnal Cycles; Biogeochemical cycles, processes and modeling; remote sensing; physical and biogeochemical interactions

Understanding regional- and global-scale variability in aquatic ecosystems requires resolution of processes occurring at high temporal frequencies and spatial scales. This is especially true in coastal regions, where short-term physical forcings (sunlight, river discharge, meteorology, tides, etc.) combine to affect biological and biogeochemical processes. Processes in the open ocean such as vertical mixing, eddies, primary production, blooms, etc., vary at sub-diurnal to weekly timeframe and at sub-km to tens of km spatial scales. Coupled physical-biogeochemical models provide information from short- to long-term temporal scales and moderate (~km) to coarse (~hundreds km) spatial scales, but parameterization and evaluation of models requires field measurements and satellite data that are not typically available at short time and fine spatial scales. Furthermore, scaling-up observations across time and space to address broader regional or global topics (IPCC assessments) can lead to high uncertainties if the observations are not available at sufficient resolution. Contributions addressing ecological, biogeochemical or physical processes including land-ocean or air-sea interactions that vary at high temporal frequency or spatial scales are welcomed. The breadth of studies of interest include: field observations, modeling, or remote sensing data from airborne or satellite platforms such as geostationary, to span the temporal and spatial scales needed.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/ob/papers/index.cgi?sessionid=195811&stepsonly=1&username=1462892&password=%2Acookie

Towards Standardization in Aquatic Science Research: Measurement Protocols for Enhanced Accuracy, Repeatability, and Uncertainty Estimation

Joaquin Ernesto Chaves, Chelsea Lopez, Aimee Renee Neeley; joaquin.e.chavescedeno@nasa.gov

Instruments, Sensors & Techniques; Uncertainty; Data management; Analyitical Chemistry

Objective: Emphasize the significance of standardized measurement protocols for improving measurement accuracy, repeatability, and uncertainty estimation. We will discuss the importance of community consensus protocols and the role of technological advancements in measurement and computation in achieving this.
Accurate measurements of environmental parameters are essential for advancing scientific knowledge and informing management decisions. However, inconsistencies in measurement protocols, and instrumentation can introduce errors, hindering data comparison and synthesis across studies. The availability of open datasets, from large-scale measurement campaigns (e.g., GEOTRACES, Argo, EXPORTS) to regional citizen science monitoring, necessitates the adoption of standardized measurement protocols and uncertainty metrics. This enables reproducible analyses, reliable model simulations and climate data records, and promotes transparency and data sharing.
This session will focus on the significance of adopting community consensus protocols for measurement standardization in aquatic science research. We invite contributions that explore the challenges and benefits of establishing such protocols and provide examples of their implementation in various fields, discuss the role of technological advances in measurement, such as new sensors, and advocate for the utilization of large datasets, machine learning, and high-performance computing to enhance measurement accuracy, repeatability, and uncertainty estimation. Researchers from all disciplines of aquatic science are encouraged to contribute.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/ob/papers/index.cgi?sessionid=196197

Leveraging the NASA PACE Observatory for Environmental Management and Societal Benefit

Natasha Sadoff, Erin Urquhart, Brian Barnes, Jessie Turner; natasha.sadoff@nasa.gov

Applied sciences; Oceans; Inland water bodies; remote sensing; ocean observing system

The NASA Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) satellite, scheduled to launch in January 2024, will provide an unprecedented view of the Earth every two days. PACE’s hyperspectral and polarimetric Earth observation (EO) capabilities offer great potential for supporting environmental management and addressing societal challenges. This session seeks to explore the potential applications of PACE satellite data in decision-making processes related to topics such as fisheries and aquaculture, algal blooms, and inland and coastal water quality. We welcome presentations that showcase innovative uses of similar airborne or satellite data, either in preparation for PACE or through projects that incorporate synergistic missions or data sources that will enhance the application of PACE. Additionally, we encourage presentations that involve co-production of knowledge and stakeholder engagement, which will build operational capacity for using EOs. This session will serve as an opportunity to exchange ideas, foster collaboration among applied scientists and practitioners, and inspire the development of new value-added applications in various fields including water resource management, climate science, oceanography, and public health. This session complements the sessions “Communicating Ocean Observation from Space: Ready for Launch?” and “Ushering in an era of daily, global hyperspectral radiometry and multi-angle polarimetry with the NASA PACE mission.”

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/ot/papers/index.cgi?sessionid=195642

Spectroscopic Symphony: Harmonizing NASA’s PACE, SBG, and GLIMR missions for Coastal and Inland Aquatic Science and Applications

Kevin Turpie; Heide Dierseen; Maria Tzortziou; Hang Yin; kturpie@umbc.edu

Remote sensing; data assimiliation, integration & fusion; international collaboration; ecosystems, structure, dynamics & modeling

The advent of imaging spectroscopy (or hyperspectral imaging) offers a new remote-sensing tool for aquatic science and applications from space. NASA is developing the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE), Geostationary Littoral Imaging and Monitoring Radiometer (GLIMR), and Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) missions to place hyperspectral sensors in orbit this decade. Each passive imaging mission offers different sampling resolutions spanning the wide range of spatial and temporal scales characteristic of coastal and inland aquatic processes. This session explores collaborative developments to combine satellite imaging spectroscopy across these missions to better understand oceanic and inland aquatic systems. New algorithms are being evaluated for better exploitation of spectroscopic information from these sensors. Surface and airborne hyperspectral data collection and data from simulations are being used to develop or evaluate and validate new spectral methods. New calibration and validation infrastructure development is leading to innovations across all three missions. Together, these efforts lead to a new observational constellation for aquatic environments and ecosystems at unprecedented spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions for scientific discovery and societal benefit. These advantages will improve further from collaboration with other orbiting, passive, hyperspectral remote sensing instruments supported by international and commercial organizations.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/ot/papers/index.cgi?sessionid=195890

Ushering in an era of daily, global hyperspectral radiometry and multi-angle polarimetry with the NASA PACE mission

Jeremy Werdell; Alison Chase; Sasha Kramer; Antonio Mannino; jeremy.werdell@nasa.gov

Oceans; Remote sensing; ocean optics; ocean observing systems

The Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission represents NASAâs next great investment in ocean biology, clouds, and aerosol data records to enable advanced insight into ocean and atmospheric responses to Earthâs changing climate. Launching in January 2024, PACEâs primary instrument is a global spectrometer that spans the ultraviolet to near-infrared region in 2.5 nm steps and also includes seven discrete shortwave infrared bands from 940 to 2260 nm. This leap in technology is enabling improved understanding of aquatic ecosystems and biogeochemistry, as well as providing new information on phytoplankton community composition and improved detection of algal blooms. The PACE payload is complemented by two small multi-angle polarimeters with spectral ranges that span the visible to near-infrared spectral region, both of which significantly improve aerosol and hydrosol characterizations and provide opportunities for novel ocean color atmospheric correction. We welcome presentations that showcase innovative scientific and research uses of PACE and/or how hyperspectral and multi-angle polarimetric data are revolutionizing studies of global and coastal biogeochemistry, carbon cycles, plankton communities, and hydrosols/aerosols in the ocean-atmosphere system. This session complements the sessions âLeveraging the NASA PACE Observatory for Environmental Management and Societal Benefitâ and âCommunicating Ocean Observation from Space: Ready for Launch?

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/ot/papers/index.cgi?sessionid=194869

Communicating Ocean Observations from Space: Ready for Launch?

Ivona Cetinic; Katy Mersmann; Hayley Evers-King; Lachlann McKinna; Hayat Nasirova; ivona.cetinic@nasa.gov

Geoscience education research; Informal education; ocean observing systems; remote sensing

Over the past five years, there have been several launches of large ocean-focused satellites by major space agencies: NASA’s SWOT and Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich (NASA/ESA/EUMETSAT/NOAA), with others planned for very near future such as NASA's Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem (PACE) mission in early 2024. The introduction of these new sources of global data is set to revolutionize our perception and comprehension of the planet. However, effectively reaching out to new scientific and general audiences remains a challenge. This difficulty may arise from the complexity and vastness of the datasets or from the fact that these instruments measure parameters that are invisible to the human eye or challenging to comprehend. In this session, we'll discuss how we strategically shape our messages for different audiences -- both scientifically engaged and the general public -- and enthusiastically welcome ideas that employ non-traditional approaches to captivate the targeted audience's interest and garner increased support from both scientific users and the general public for the field of ocean remote sensing. This session corresponds with sessions “Leveraging NASA PACE Observatory for Environmental Management and Societal Benefit” and “Ushering in an era of daily, global hyperspectral radiometry and multi-angle polarimetry with the NASA PACE mission”.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/ob/papers/index.cgi?sessionid=196197

OT006: Breaking Barries: Bridging the Gap in Methodologies and Data Reporting for Ocean Biogeochemistry - Improving standard methods and data reporting for ocean biogeochemistry

Julie Janssens - julie.janssens@csiro.au

Nutrients, biogeochemistry, method development

Biogeochemistry measurements are increasingly becoming a central part of primary environmental ocean variables used to understand the changing oceans. Ocean productivity, carbon uptake and nutrient dynamics are essential ocean variables needed to detect early impacts of climate change on physical, chemical, and biological ocean processes. Comparable and reliable biogeochemical data from all Oceans are also essential to feed into climate models. Technologically, biogeochemical measurements present challenges in enabling high quality, stable and accurate in-situ measurements. In addition to that, available historic observations have not consistently been compiled into consistent and easily accessible databases with strong metadata. This session aims to update participants on the latest method developments in seawater and sea-ice biogeochemical measurements, with a particular focus on method standardisation, calibration, and reporting. We welcome participants to present a combination of technical and methods papers along-side more science focused work demonstrating the underlying need and impact of methods development and standardisation in this field.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Home/0

New approaches to study marine oxygen deficient zone biogeochemistry and microbial ecology

Annie Bourbonnais, Mark Altabet, Maria Pachiadaki, and Laura Bristow

Oxygen Deficient Zones, Stable Isotopes, Microbial ecology, Biogeochemical Cycling, Floats

Oxygen deficient zones (ODZs) are unique oceanic environments that harbor a distinct set of microbial and biogeochemical processes and play important roles in marine element cycling. Their importance is exacerbated by predicted volumetric expansion in response to climate change, with potential large impacts on global ocean biogeochemical cycling and regional marine resources. ODZs are characterized by steep vertical chemical gradients, which foster complex interactions between aerobic and anaerobic processes that link C, N, P, S as well as trace metal cycling. Potent greenhouse (N2O and CH4) or toxic (H2S) gases are also liberated as by-products. Still, low spatial and temporal resolution remains a major challenge for examining ODZs’ impacts on microbial ecology and biogeochemistry, and their possible response to climate change.
Over the last decade there have been unprecedented advances in methodology for studying ODZ biogeochemistry and microbial ecology. These include technological advances in sensor development such as the detection of nanomolar O2 concentrations allowing for O2 threshold assessments of anaerobic metabolisms. Gas tension devices (GTDs) allow in situ measurement of biogenic N2, and optical sensors provide fresh insights to particle distribution and composition. Deployment of autonomous platforms providing sustained observations over multiple years, and in-situ samplers are providing new insights to these systems. Significant improvements in sequencing technology and novel single cell techniques allow better characterization of microbial communities, and their function. Sensitive stable and radioisotope (13C, 15N, 18O, 14C, 35S) geochemical and biomolecular approaches have provided insight into the complex interplay between microbes, nutrients and organic matter cycling in ODZs. This session seeks to bring together researchers focused on using new approaches and their combination for the detailed study of chemical, biological and physical processes in ODZs and the interactions between them.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/193212

Assessing Climate Vulnerability and Fostering Climate Resiliency in Marine Protected Areas: Interdisciplinary Approaches

Brian Bartlett (bartlettb17@students.ecu.edu), Rebecca G Asch (aschr16@ecu.edu), Kelly Dunning (khd0008@auburn.edu), and Jerome Fiechter (fiechter@ucsc.edu)

climate change, marine protected area, adaptation, resilience, marine conservation

Nations around the world aim to conserve 30% of the ocean via spatial management, such as marine protected areas (MPAs), by the year 2030 (the “30 by 30” concept). Climate change should be accounted for when planning for this target. MPAs promote climate resiliency through contributions to carbon sequestration and protection of climate-sensitive living marine resources. Conversely, ocean conservation areas and the organisms and habitats within them are vulnerable to climate hazards including, but not limited to, rising temperatures, loss of oxygen, ocean acidification, shifts in phenology, and changes in the frequency, duration, and intensity of extreme events. We invite interdisciplinary presentations that address physical, biogeochemical, and ecological changes in MPAs and other areas of conservation interest, assess climate change impacts on marine organisms and maritime heritage sites, or use an integrated socio-ecological approach to address climate change adaptation. We also welcome presentations on indicators of climate change impacts that inform resource management (including linkages to open science principles and reproducibility), climate-ready fisheries management and climate vulnerability assessment within the context of protected areas, or optimization of conservation area siting and boundaries.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/194004

The Biogeochemistry of Air-Sea Exchange Processes

Catarina V. Guerreiro, Marine and Environmental Research Centre, Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal, Andrew S Wozniak, University of Delaware, School of Marine Science and Policy, Newark, DE, United States, Amanda A Frossard, University of Georgia, Department of Chemistry, Athens, United States, Jan-Berend Stuut, NIOZ-Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Texel, Netherlands; VU - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, dept of Earth Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands and Xuanyu Chen, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, United States

aerosols, air-sea exchange, surface microlayer, atmospheric deposition

Aerosol and gas exchange processes across the air-sea interface impact global biogeochemical cycles, atmospheric chemistry and marine-ecosystem dynamics. Atmospheric inputs of micro- and macro-nutrients, organic matter, and pollutants, influence biogeochemical cycling of nutrients, marine primary productivity, and phytoplankton, with large consequences for communities and the global marine carbon cycle. On the other hand, emissions of gases and aerosol particles from the sea surface to the atmosphere affect the number and composition of cloud-condensation nuclei and ice-nucleating particles with important consequences for clouds and climate. This session focuses on surface-ocean processes, including the sea-surface microlayer and (sub-) surface phytoplankton and microbial compositions, which are affected by and influence these atmospheric-deposition and ocean-emission processes. We aim to bring together colleagues from the SOLAS (Surface Ocean, Lower Atmosphere Studies) community as well as anyone interested in aerosol emission, transport and deposition and its marine-environmental effects. Contributions investigating biogeochemical influences on and consequences of (1) atmospheric deposition, (2) marine aerosol emissions, and (3) air-sea diffusive gas exchange processes and the role of (4) the sea surface microlayer in these processes, as well as (5) laboratory studies, (6) paleo-reconstructions, and (7) Earth observations and/or modelling approaches are welcome.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/197982

The influence of boundary currents on exchange processes between continental margins and the open ocean and biogeochemical consequences

Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling; coastal processes; continental shelf and slope processes

Continental shelf margins and their adjacent boundary current systems are significant in global budgets of heat, freshwater and biogeochemical properties, and are regions of strong air-sea interactions and frontal instabilities. The transport and exchanges of water masses, heat, nutrients, biogeochemical constituents, and pollutants between ocean margins and the open ocean influence biodiversity, biomass, and biological interactions in marine food webs, which consequently mediate the fate of carbon and element flows. However, understanding these exchanges has been hindered by the “scale gap” between local mixing processes, cross shelf and onshore transport, and interactions with boundary currents. This session explores new approaches to close the scale gap in understanding coast - ocean exchange. We encourage submissions based on empirical observations, numerical and theoretical models that focus on: (1) material exchange in western and eastern boundary current systems; (2) the role of mesoscale and submesoscale circulations in transporting material across isobath barriers; and (3) modeling approaches that bridge the scale gap. We particularly welcome studies that focus on seasonal cycles and inter-annual variability, climate change impacts, extreme events, multiscale processes, trends, and linkages to ecosystems.

https://agu.confex.com/agu/OSM24/prelim.cgi/Session/198113

The Southern Ocean in a changing climate: open-ocean physical and biogeochemical processes

Lavinia Patara (lpatara@geomar.de), Alexander Haumann, Camille Akhoudas, Lydia Keppler, Joanna Zanker,

Southern Ocean, heat and carbon uptake, circulation, climate change

The session deals with physical and biogeochemical processes in the Southern Ocean as well as their relevance in past, present and future climates.

https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU24/session/48039

Northeast Section Meeting of the Geological Society of America (NEGSA)

Current Research Along the Land-Ocean Continuum

Robert Letscher (robert.letscher@unh.edu); Kai Ziervogel (kai.ziervogel@unh.edu); Cristina Schultz (c.schultz@northeastern.edu)

land ocean continuum, coastal processes, organic matter, transport, anthropogenic

Lacustrine, riverine, and coastal marine systems are dynamic incubators of biomass, organic matter, nutrient, and lithogenic particle transformations and transport. These processes are rapidly changing under anthropogenic influence. This session welcomes all research on processes along the land-ocean continuum using field, laboratory, engineering, remote sensing, and modeling approaches.

https://www.geosociety.org/GSA/Events/Section_Meetings/GSA/Sections/ne/2024mtg/techprog.aspx

Alkalinity cycling in coastal sediments: natural processes and CO2 capture methods

Astrid Hylén, Felipe Freitas, Thiago Monteiro, Abby Lunstrum (contact: abbylunstrum@gmail.com)

Alkalinity; Sediments; Benthic; Ocean Alkalinity Enhancement; Weathering

We are pleased to announce our session for the upcoming Goldschmidt 2024 conference, entitled “Alkalinity cycling in coastal sediments: natural processes and CO2 capture methods”.

We invite submissions on topics related to the production, consumption, and cycling of alkalinity in coastal sediments, including both natural processes and ocean alkalinization techniques. Our goal for this session is to promote an integrated view of coastal alkalinity cycling. Potential topics include: measurements of processes in the alkalinity cycle, how they are controlled and interact, modeling efforts, and studies of the efficiency and ecological effects of ocean alkalinization. We also encourage contributions on methodological developments that improve research on the alkalinity cycle, especially as they pertain to sediments.

Session details: https://conf.goldschmidt.info/goldschmidt/2024/meetingapp.cgi/Session/6071

The abstract submission deadline is March 29, 2024. Please feel free to reach out with questions, and share this information with colleagues who might be interested.

https://conf.goldschmidt.info/goldschmidt/2024/meetingapp.cgi/Session/6071