Volume 8, Issue 10, October 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456-2165

Mapping of Multimedia Communication

at the University of Kinshasa
Godfrey BENTH NGOYI1 and Carlin MBUNDANI WATALU2

Abstract :- This article sets out to provide an overview of Communication Technology (NICT). The Internet has
the counterpart knowledges in the digital era, in the facilitated the emergence of new methods of communication
information and communication sciences teaching in human society. Therefore, the reform at the level of the
programs in our country. This, we are going to talk institutions that organize the Sciences of Information and
about the subjects and axes in the program of this sector, Communication should actually undergo the contribution of
which in itself suffers from its popularization among the masters to train executives capable of providing
students who are specializing in Information and solutions adapted to the new digital realities. This is the
Communication Sciences at Unikin. This description is reason for the existence (creation) of the option "Multimedia
more relevant to students who have opted for digital Edition" for some and the faculty for others.
communication, currently known as "Multimedia".
Apart from the introduction and conclusion, the study
Keywords:- Communication, Media, New media, Digital, is divided into three parts: clarification of the concepts, the
Multimedia. main lines of the multimedia and a survey of students at the
University of Kinshasa.
I. INTRODUCTION
II. CLARIFICATION OF KEY CONCEPTS
Information and Communication Sciences are the latest
scientific disciplines to be published. They are by their A. Multimedia
specificity interdisciplinary in the plural, from where a great In his book entitled "Science, Multimedia, Archives,
debate is engaged between schools that do not understand Publicity and Official Gazette", Bobutaka Bob defines
that they must remain so, given the plurality of disciplines "Multimedia as a branch of ICT that has acquired the status
that the Sciences of Information and Communication of a scientific discipline using three elements: text, sound
encompass. The plurality of exogenous methods and and image, whether animated or fixed. An interactive
theories constitutes a headache for those who claim to platform that simultaneously performs bibliological,
minimize this new discipline. But the Information and informatics and net-economic functions. Further on, he
Communication Sciences have an epistemological status speaks in a derived sense to encompass software, hardware
with their own object of study, their own methods and and interactive editorial content implementing still or
borrowings, and their own theories and paradigms. animated image, sound, text and hypertext". (B. Bobutaka,
2019:133).
The advent of the Internet has made it possible for
communication and information to be equipped with new We can summarize its description in a diagram that we
technologies that are essential to their development. This is were able to draw a more :
why we speak more of The New Information and

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Volume 8, Issue 10, October 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165

DOCUMENT

DOCUMENTARY CHARACTERISTICS

TEXT AUDIO IMAGES

VIDEO PHOTO

DOCUMENTARY TAXONOMY

DOCUMENT
TEXTUE DOCUMENT
SOUND DOCUMENT
PICTOGRAPHIC
L

DOCUMENTAUDIO- SCRIPTO- VISUAL

DOCUMENTMULTIMEDIA
(Text , its an Images)
d

Fig. 1: Diagram of the knowledge of Multimedia

Source: diagram designed by us based on Bobutaka's diagram

The multimedia elements always come from resources We do not want to get lost in the understanding of the
that are independent of the HTML document. HTML concept of Multimedia, but in this article we will talk about
documents contain hyperlinks to multimedia resources, Multimedia as an Option/faculty of Information and
which may be scattered across the Internet. The linked Communication Sciences. It is the set of teachings oriented
multimedia elements are automatically transferred to present to digital communication. Emanation of the computer
a web page. Only the use of images and small animations is science, the Multimedia makes use of this last one to
standardized. The support of sound, video, three- manage to answer current needs of communication that they
dimensional spaces or other multimedia elements is still are communicators or communicologists.
based on non-standardized technologies.
Poorly known, Multimedia is apprehended as an
Many web browsers offer the possibility to add option/faculty of photographers, video editors, or
software (plugins) to extend their functionality, including cameramen. This lack of knowledge is even evident among
support for non-standard media types. Streams (audio, students, most of whom are in the first year of a Bachelor's
video) require a different communication protocol than degree program (equivalent to a Master's degree in the LMD
HTTP. This is one of the reasons why this type of resource system).
often requires a plugin and is poorly integrated into web
pages. Therefore, before returning to the outcomes of
multimedia, we will describe in the second point of this
study the different subjects in the program of this
option/faculty.

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Volume 8, Issue 10, October 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
B. New media autonomy in the choice of programs thanks to podcasts and
According to Pierre Trudel, new media are forms of more individualization of programs"
computer media that depend on the redistribution of (www.wikipedia.org/webradio).
computers through the Internet with its various services (P.
Trudel, 2008: 103). We can therefore talk about a connection media and no
longer a reception media. There are multiple inputs: streams,
What we call "new media" are new tools or a new podcasts, rebroadcasts. The listener will therefore look for
method of distribution made possible by the arrangement of what interests him or her and is no longer necessarily
texts, photos and videos circulating through various web focused on regular listening to programs. "Nevertheless,
platforms, also known as "Multimedia". These tools could listening to live broadcasts remains the preferred option.
very well have evolved without necessarily mentioning new This shift from mass media to mass media implies a more
media. It is simply a matter of expanding journalism, refined analysis of the information received and requires the
photography, audio or video to new platforms. development of a critical sense" (www.maisondelaradio.fr).

If we now speak of "new media", it is because we are "The first benefit is obviously the control of the
witnessing a paradigm shift, we are traveling through moment of consultation and the possibility of re-listening.
unexplored media territories, different from the old world, The listener is no longer dependent on a schedule and a
from the "old media". These are new places and new spaces programming grid. The stream is stored and accessible at
to invest. Somewhat hyperbolically, one could say that the will. This is what makes podcasting so successful. The
new media are to the information world what America was absence of a schedule allows a variation of formats, the
at that time: a virgin territory, where for an enterprising few, program no longer being imprisoned in a fixed duration and
anything semms possible. adapting to the complexity of the subject matter (podcasted
programs sometimes offer long versions, even unedited).
It is on this promise that the new media as we know
them today were built. Towards the end of the last century, But beyond this first use, a sort of circumstance, a
the Internet offered a host of ways to bypass the old media more profound innovation is in the making: web and radio
world. These new spaces were made possible in particular are potentially two types of listening that cohabit, that
by the creation in common of new software having the follow each other, one inscribing itself in the temporal flow,
sharing but also the hackings which consist in breaking the the other allowing to break it to directly access a part or to
chains imposed by the empires of the Old world. This is come back to another already heard. We thus preserve the
how a whole cohort of connected citizens was able to create lightness of assimilation brought by the flow and add to it
videos, audio, photos in order to put them online via blogs the possibilities of a direct delinearized access.
or websites, to erect, little by little, what was called the new
media. "Web radio is therefore the promise of the assets of
radio (linearity, listening and mobility), combined with
The notion of the new media qualifies works calling those of the Web (mass of information, reading time), it is
upon information technologies in their process of realization the marriage of synchronous and asynchronous. But it is
or as support of creation (video, data processing, etc). "To also the risk of the worst of both worlds: the prison of flow
transmit data" being the characteristic of any work of art; it and the incommensurability of space. It is therefore above
is logically that these new technologies could become a all an opportunity to re-interrogate radio and hypermedia in
territory to invest for the artists. They have two order to invent new ways of reading and writing, of
characteristics which interest particularly the artistic field, accessing information, and perhaps of teaching.
"the capacity to record this real in the duration and the
capacity to modify it". Regarding the live or on-demand broadcasting, the web
radio broadcasts programs made live or it rebroadcasts pre-
According to the theorist Lev Manovitch, "the new recorded programs, because we can't control the flow if we
media are certainly the works realized on digital support start at different times, we won't have the same audio data.
(tapes, video and sound, CD-RM, hard disk, Internet site),
but also those stemming from old media as the cinema  Web Tv
converted to the digital supports for the need of the The term Web TV refers to television channels that
diffusion" (L. Manovitch, 2001: 105). broadcast exclusively over the Internet, in contrast to
traditional television channels that may broadcast live on the
Let's remember that new media generally use the Web or catchup in addition to other broadcast modes (cable,
Internet and other computer means. In order to understand IPTV, satellite), (Martin Michel, 2005: 39).
them, we need to understand the notions related to
webcasting such as: A Web TV uses streaming technology or progressive
download to deliver its content on the Web. Clients (users)
 Web radio call up a video stream and watch it from their browser or
"The broadcasting of radio on the Internet has disrupted from a media player.
the usual codes of this medium while opening it up to a new
type of listener. This passage from the "airwaves to the The video is compressed, converted to a specific
networks" has enabled listeners to leave the dependence on codec, and if necessary placed in a container format. It is
the flow and move towards an à la carte radio with more then sent by server software to clients. Peer-to-peer

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ISSN No:-2456-2165
exchange models like Joost appeared briefly, but were not professional network, all have the same operation: you
successful. create your profile (personal information, photo, interests)
by registering online on the site and you invite your friends
Web TV technology is to be distinguished from IPTV, to join you.
a technique for broadcasting traditional television via
ADSL. IPTV has a reserved bandwidth for its transmission Thereafter, each member can either join an existing
which guarantees the quality of the service to the user, Web group or create his own community with which he will share
TV also uses the transmission by Internet but without interests and motivations related to the site, through a
reserved or priority bandwidth. system of invitations and search for individual members of
the community. Each contact who accepts an invitation
Web TVs have literally developed on the Internet. increases your network of new contacts. Newcomers take
With the strong development of the consultation of turns registering their contacts, etc., then the site offers
television on mobiles (smartphones, tablets...). The local TV applications to encourage members to be active and not just
channels have also appropriated this means of broadcasting. use the virtual site.
The so-called "classic" channels (terrestrial, DTT or cable)
are also interested in this means of broadcasting by creating A social network responds to the primary need of
replay platforms. every individual to belong. In addition to this need to
belong, every individual needs to be valued by the other
 Social Web members of his community. Applications are then proposed
Social networks, if we are to believed Lino Pungi, refer by the site to encourage members to be active and not only
to a vision of the Internet as a space for socialization, a place use the site as a showcase. A remark must be made
where one of its main functions is to make users interact concerning the modalities of registration to the site. Indeed,
with each other to ensure continuous content production, any member of the network can freely register in the groups
content, not just the distribution of documents anymore. or communities he wants without any restriction of number.
(Lino Pungi, 2016: 57).
Social networks are increasing every day, but the must-
A social network is therefore a set of relationships haves are: Facebook, Twitter, Flickr, LinkedIn, YouTube,
between a set of relationships between a set of actors. This Whatsapp, Viadeo, Myspace, Friendfeed and others.
set can be organized (like a company) or unorganized (like a
network of friends) and these relationships can be of a very C. Digital Communication
diverse nature (power, gift exchange, advice, etc.),
specialized or not (Michel Forse, 2008: 10). The actors are  Definition and concepts
usually individuals, but they can also be households, Digital media refers to various digital media that can
associations, etc. bring visibility to a company or organization. This includes
a website, social networks, newsletters and also influencer
For Lemieux, a social network is a collection of social marketing" (www.junior-entreprises.com).
identities, such as individuals or social organizations, linked
together by links created during social interaction (Vincent According to Oualidi Habib, digital media is defined as
Lemieux, 2011: 12). Social networks can be formed a new discipline of communication but also a field of
naturally, such as families, clans, or by affinity (as in some marketing. The term refers to all actions (communication
sense, friendships, romantic relationships, etc.), or and marketing) aimed at promoting products and services
circumstantially, such as study groups in a classroom. Note through a traditional or digital media, aimed at reaching
that social networks can have conscious or unconscious consumers in a personal way. Personal, extremely targeted
purposes. and interactive. Therefore, the new goal of companies is to
target consumers not only on the web but also on all digital
A social network represents a social structure modeled media (Oualidi Habib, 2013: 26).
by vertices or nodes and breakpoints (arrows). Vertices or
nodes typically refer to people and/or organizations linked Digital communication is therefore the strategy
by social interactions. Social interactions are represented by through which communication actions are carried out on the
arrows. web, social media and mobile devices. "The question today,
for a company, is therefore no longer whether it should be
Talking about the Digital Social Network, "it is an on the Internet but rather how it should position itself there
Internet application that gathers profiles, messages, forums, and the strategy it should adopt in order to effectively link
etc., help create a circle of friends, find business partners, traditional media and digital media. Digital communication
work or other people(www.leszed.ed-productions.com). A is a conversational medium" (Oualidi Habib, 2013: 30).
virtual or real place where you can discuss any topic,
exchange images, information; talk about what we love, The digital media consumer is very different from the
what we hate; give our opinion on various topics and share simple passive viewer. He is active, that's why it is
our opinions, personal news, interests. important to make him act so that he is more receptive and
attentive to messages. In the professional field, digital
These types of Internet applications, virtual interaction communication defines communication strategies and
environments or sites dedicated to communicating with actions carried out on the web to convey messages, values or
acquaintances, meeting new people or building a

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results that will attract the attention of target Internet users implement. Concretely, objectives allow you to select the
and improve company visibility. best tools (social networks, online advertising, SMS
campaign, etc.) to reach your targets" (Claire Gayet and
 Objectives of digital media Xavier Marie, 2016: 66).
Before launching on the Web and social networks, it is
essential to define the objectives of digital communication. The final objective being generally the increase of
"Without an objective, without a target to reach, it is sales, it is a question of seeing how the notoriety, the image
difficult to know what path to take and what means to or the loyalty contribute to this increase thanks to digital.

Table 1: Objectives of digital media

N° Objectives Definitions Digital solutions
01. Notoriety To be known, to be remembered by the Mass media: YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram...
customers
02. Image Build your brand image Diversity of content and creativity: videos, photos,
blogs...
03. Traffic Increase traffic on your website Opportunities to link to a website: advertising, social
media...
04. Acquisition Recruiting new customers Easier to reach new targets: online communities, data
collection, multiplication of contact points (e-mail, SMS,
social networks...).
05. Transformation, Encourage visitors to a site to perform Analysis of the customer journey on the site,
conversion an action (purchase, registration, etc.) enhancement of content, simplification of processes.
06. Loyalty Build customer loyalty, keep them Better knowledge of customers and their habits,
coming back and buying segmentation of data and media, better follow-up with
CRM (Customer Relationship Management).
07. Research and Improve its products and customer Monitoring listening, analysis of opinions and comments,
development knowledge, launch new products. co-creation, creation of brand communities.

After defining the key concepts of our study, in the  Information Analysis: this course is dedicated to an in-
following point, we will address the different axes of the depth analysis of information using classical methods of
multimedia training program. We talk about the subjects in content analysis for political and scientific speeches,
the program, as well as the related professions. press articles etc.
 Introduction to programming: this is a course that trains
III. THE MAIN AXES OF MULTIMEDIA on the design and programming of mobile applications.
It prepares students for communication practices for
A. Subjects in the Multimedia program of the University of
mobile users. The language studied is Visual Basic
Kinshasa
Studio ;
Taken in two years of study, the courses in multimedia
are as follows:  Communication Semiology: This is an overview course
with other CIS options. This important course allows
 In the first year of Multimedia: students to master the notions of meaning, message
 English: This course has content related to meaning and especially connotation and denotation of
communication and its daily practices. It is a visual communication for businesses;
combination course with other CIS options and allows  Computer Graphics and Iconic Language Analysis:
students to open up to the world of business and work Often misunderstood with reductionist content, this
outside our borders; course goes beyond Photoshop. It focuses on the design
 Multimedia Integration: here, the subjects allow learners of graphic information, and the graphic charter with its
to use multimedia objects in communication via the elements such as logo, typography, colors, images, etc. It
Internet. This course opens the doors to web is not only practical, but touches on the acts of iconic
programming (tag-based programming) and the design language, semantics and also the critical analysis of
of visuals for digital communication, not to mention the visual identity;
use of storytelling;  Computer Science: In the first year, this course is based
 Information and Computer Assisted Presentation (Pre- on the design of relational databases. The students called
CAP): This is a course that allows students to design to the conservation and archiving of the data on
slide shows and cultivate some public speaking skills in computer, are equipped with the appropriate data-
their public presentations. The basic software is MS processing methods to leave the conceptual model of the
PowerPoint; data and treatment to the logical model while passing by
 Current Events Seminar: This is a capstone course with that organizational and physical of the data and
other electives that pushes students to immerse treatments. This course should also provide notions on
themselves in current media events. Papers are presented algorithms and methods of computer analysis.
and defended in a public discussion.

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 Research Methods in CIS: This is a comprehensive  Telecommunications Law and Economics: this course
course that provides students with the different methods provides information on telecommunications legislation;
that can help them develop their final work. It teaches  Computer Industry: This course helps students learn
endogenous and exogenous methods in Information and more about the computer industry with its innovations
Communication Sciences; and related technologies. From 2D to augmented reality,
 Classical and computerized documentary techniques: passing through 3D, we also talk about Artificial
this course gives the notions and practices on the Intelligence (AI);
document, documentary institutions, methods of  Audiovisual and digital editing seminar: this course
classification, conservation and use of documents. It also gives practical tools on editing, because in multimedia,
uses computer tools for optimal management; the assembly of three elements (text, sound and image) is
 General Library and Archival Studies: This course recurrent. The software of the Adobe family is more
provides students with a general understanding of used;
libraries, archives, and their treatment, preservation and  Cognitive psychology: it is a subject that opens the
use; students to the understanding of the communication
 Network and client-servers: this course provides notions process that starts from our cognition to the materiality ;
on computer networks, hardware or architecture, web  Theories of marketing: this is a course taken together
search, internet and intranet in a company; with the L1 CO (Communication of Organizations)
 New Media: This course is very important for all first students on the market of products and services. How to
year undergraduates and is one of the points in our position the latter by using the 4Ps of the marketing mix;
article to understand digital communication. It teaches  Project Writing: this hands-on course allows students to
the notions on the internet and computer networks, the write a project following the necessary steps learned in
applications of the internet, webcasting with its elements the first year;
such as web radio, web Tv and social web, the  Intellectual Property Law and Commercial Law: it is a
applications of ICT and even the development of course that gives notions of intellectual property of
computer networks (Lino Pungi 2016:4-7). works, inventions and products, especially in the era of
the commonplace wanted by the Internet;
 In the second year, let's say the final year in Multimedia,  Management of a Multimedia Agency: this is a great
we have the following courses: course that allows the finalists in multimedia to edit,
 Project development and evaluation: we learn how to broadcast and distribute content via digital platforms.
develop and evaluate projects. These projects are usually This course opens the door to the implementation of
the foundation for the development of our respective projects to create a multimedia agency;
communities. This is a course for all senior classes in
ICT; B. Multimedia or digital professions
 ICT and Multimedia: this course allows Multimedia (www.youtube.com/metiersdumultimedia)
students to know the relationship between multimedia Many people often wonder what to do after a multimedia
and information and communication sciences. It shows training. In addition to the traditional professions known in
the place that the multimedia occupies in the evolution ICT, such as journalism, communication, etc., there are
of the ICT; others that do not replace the old ones, but open new
 Editing and Bibliology: This course allows you to horizons. Here are others that do not replace the old ones,
understand the importance of directories in CIS. Students but open new horizons. The different professions linked to
understand the quintessence of ICT by discovering the digital technology are :
mathematical formula that summarizes Information and  Computer engineer,
Communication Sciences, namely ICT=SI+SC+SM  Network Analyst,
(Information Science, Communication Science and  Junior Sales Engineer,
Media Science). Also, the writings (MM) are  The solution architects,
epistemological objects of the Bibliology. Writings  Developers in IT support and management of
understood here as (text, sound and images). technological solutions for online clients, etc.
 The English course: this course in the final year prepares
the student to face the professional world, as the English But the top jobs for those who do Multimedia are:
language is a major asset in communication both within
the company and between states.  Digital Brand Content Manager:
 The New Paradigms of Communication: it is a subject It is a job that consists in the valuation of a brand or a
that accompanies the changeover to New Information company on the internet and on social networks he is
and Communication Technologies. These models responsible for the digital notoriety and its reputation. He is
explain the developpement of a discipline that has to also responsible for the elaboration of the strategic plan of
new arrangements. They are paradigms such as the digital image as well as the follow-up of its strategy.
interactivity, linear, circular and hyper-textuality; This brand manager manages more than a product or a range
 Management Seminar: It is a course where students get of products. He/she makes sure that these different products
subjects to rely on the direction, management and correspond to the identity, the personality and the values of
supervision of a company. It is a practical course taken the brand.
with other ICT options;

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Clearly, we can find different missions for this job: Thus:
 Animate brand discourses on social media,  It works on visibility,
 Optimize brand awareness and acquire traffic,  It improves the ease of use,
 Lead and manage web projects in coordination with the  It facilitates the user's confidence. (5/5 *****).
different teams,
 Manage digital crisis devices,  Social Media Manager:
 Measure and develop the performance of the actions, He watches over the e-reputation of an entity (company)
 Participate in the implementation of the relationship via the internet and social networks. He therefore has a role
marketing program. from a strategic point of view. He is not a simple executor,
but he defines the strategy with the company's management.
 Mobile Web Developer:  It identifies the targets and their needs,
Create computer programs specifically dedicated to the  Define an editorial line,
mobile environment, such as smartphones, websites and  It selects social platforms on which the company must be
video games. His first mission is to analyze the needs of his present,
clients, then to ensure the proper functioning of his work  It analyzes the current positioning of the company on the
and act in case of technical problems. He is at the same web and on social networks.
time, creator, technician, artist, decision-maker or even
analyst, in short an expert of the mobile web mode. He Based on his strategy, he sets up a " Social media
works in close collaboration with designers, project planning " to :
managers and even graphic designers. This means that he  Optimize referencing,
has to be a team player.  Identify and retain influential bloggers,
 Publish content,
 Traffic Manager:  Build customer loyalty.
It is a job not very well known. He is an expert in traffic
management which allows to increase the visibility of the It also follows the evolution and results of its different
website, to acquire contacts, but especially to increase the actions with the help of webanalystics, audience
sales of the company. It makes the website profitable. measurement and statistics measurement tools (Google
Analystics, etc.).
Its missions are:
 Imagine and implement advertising campaigns on the  Architect Big Data:
Internet, Every day, data is generated all over the world. This data
 It must track results by scrutinizing user clicks (time can be used by the company to understand customers, guide
spent on the web page, words indexed by its users in the their decisions and have a competitive advantage over
search engine, etc.), competitors. And to be used, data must be collected and
 As a web marketing professional, he is an expert in SEO, organized, which is the role of the Big Data Architect. He is
emailing, display and price comparison. in charge of collecting raw data that is more or less
structured and in large quantities coming from different
 The Data Protection Officer: sources, either internal or external to the company. On a
He is in charge of the security of the company's data. daily basis, he/she organizes the storage of the data, the
With computerized data protection devices, he ensures the handling and the restitution of the processed data.
compliance of the company's data, that is to say that he
ensures the legal use of the data collected by the company The skills in this area, you need:
for which he works.  Master Big Data technologies,
 Master the tools and the computer language,
Its missions are:  Be organized and rigorous while resisting stress.
 Adjust to new regulatory standards related to digital
evolution,  Data Analyst:
 He must assure his customers that their data is in order He or she is in charge of using the information gathered
and that he uses it only for commercial purposes, through various channels to facilitate decision-making at the
 He must know all the laws, rules and regulations management level. His/her mission consists of processing
regarding data protection. customer, product and product performance data to identify
useful metrics for decision makers. The information
 Ux Designer provided allows decisionmakers to determine the products
He is the one in charge of the user experience on a web tooffer customers according to their needs, the marketing
platform. His main mission is to optimize the online strategies to be adopt or the improvements to be make in the
platform of a brand, taking into account the needs of users production process.
essentially. He will determine the criteria for users and
improve the user interface. To do this, he will conduct  In charge of web referencing
studies among them to know what blocks and identify what His mission is to do everything possible to ensure that
needs to be improved on the web platform. his company's website is at the top of the internet search.
The audience of a website depends essentially on its quality
of its referencing on the search engine. When you type a

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keyword, the site at the top of the list will be visited than the B. Data collection
one that arrives further in the pages of the search engine. The questionnaire consists of six questions:
 The identity of the respondent: in this first part, we
The referencing is calculated and organized by the determined the age range of the respondents, which
referencing manager who identifies the target, competitors varies between 20 and 40 years. We also determined the
and keywords; he also evaluates the algorithms of the search category of the respondents, having on the one hand
engines by adapting the practices of the company according students (G3) and on the other hand assistant candidates
to the algorithmic changes and the results obtained. of the CIS department.
 Questions related to the subject under review: 3
It must therefore fulfill 3 qualities:
questions were submitted to these two categories of
 Analyze,
respondents:
 Organize,  Can you choose the multimedia option? (To students)
 Adapt. justify your answer.
 Why did you choose this option? (To assistant
 The Digital Project Manager:
candidates)
The biggest job in the digital world, as it leads a team
 What are the opportunities for training in multimedia
composed of developers, graphic designers, webmasters,
(All)
editors, social media managers, etc.
 How do you rate the current multimedia training
He is in charge of managing a large digital project. He program? (All).
will therefore:
C. Results
 Drawing up specifications,
At the University of Kinshasa, the multimedia option of
 Establish the technical specifics of the project, the Department of Information and Communication
 Validate the editorial line, Sciences is not well known by the students in terms of
 Develop the schedule and budget by estimating the time content and opportunities of multimedia. Out of a total of 45
and means for each phase of the project. students, i.e., 100% of the students, only 9 students, i.e.,
20%, say yes to the choice of multimedia when they
His work is not limited to the realization of the project,
graduate. And 36, or 80% of the respondents do not know
but he also follows up the good functioning of the project
the opportunities of the multimedia training, hence they said
according to the fixed objectives. To be a digital project
no.
manager, you need to be able to lead a team and master all
the digital disciplines. And out of the 5 candidate assistants interviewed, that
is 100% of the candidate assistants, 2 respondents, that is
We have listed a few multimedia (digital) professions
only 40%, justify their choice of multimedia, to face the
to allow readers to understand the dimension of this
challenges of digital communication and especially to be
option/faculty in information and communication sciences.
useful for the Congolese society and organizations that must
Note that apart from these professions, there are many
face the challenges of digital. And 3, or 60% of the
others that we cannot mention here, as they are already
interviewed assistant candidates regret having chosen
known by the majority.
multimedia, accusing the lack of rigor in the respect of the
IV. METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS OF THE program, with courses that are given by assistants and
SURVEY supervisors coming mostly from the Faculty of Science.

The survey on the program and outlets of multimedia 4 out of 5 candidates, i.e. 80% of the assistants, do not
communication proceeds by the method of collecting fully know the jobs reserved for those who follow this
information, the survey by questionnaire (J-M. De Ketele university training, from which some become
and X. Roegiers, 1996: 31). photographer’s shooters, other image editors in various
television channels of the place. Only one candidate listed
A. Participants jobs or opportunities in multimedia.
The project was carried out in two phases: a first survey
conducted in 2020 in the Faculty of Humanities of the D. Discussion
University of Kinshasa. During phase 1, a 6-question The data collected from our survey participants can be
questionnaire was submitted to a sample of 45 G3 SIC interpreted as follows:
students.  The multimedia communication organized at the
University of Kinshasa is little chosen by the students
The second phase therefore consisted of a specific who do Information and Communication Sciences. This
survey of assistant candidates in the ICT department. A is due to the lesser popularization of the program of the
representative sample of 5. After matching the phase 1 and courses followed and especially on the jobs of those who
phase 2 files on knowledge of the multimedia program and do this option;
opportunities, the final sample is 50 respondents.  The precariousness of the digital faculty means that
those who do follow multimedia are either discouraged
and as a result give it a bad rap with undergraduates;

IJISRT23OCT1374 www.ijisrt.com 2157

Volume 8, Issue 10, October 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
 Despite the current issues and challenges of digital [6.] LEMIEUX, V., Les réseaux sociaux, PUF, Paris,
culture, few students do not know how to reconcile 2011.
multimedia training with the social realities of the [7.] MANOVICH, L., Les langages des nouveaux
provincial city of Kinshasa. médias, Paris, Presse au réel, 2001.
[8.] MICHEL, M., Blogs, podcasts and videoblogs, Paris,
E. Contribution Campus Presse, 2005.
Within the framework of this study that we had carried [9.] PUNGI, L., New media, Kinshasa, Collection
out, it is incumbent upon us to make some Médi@ction, 2016.
proposals/suggestions to students and to those in charge of [10.] TRUDEL, P., "Points de vue sur la gouvernance et la
the faculty in general, and those of the department in régulation des médias dans le contexte de la
particular: numérisation", in La rencontre des anciens et des
 Organize communication sessions on the merits of nouveaux médias, under the direction of DANIEL
choosing multimedia as an option, because currently, Giroux, Québec, Centre d'études sur les médias,
economies are dominated by the digital and 2008.
entrepreneurship 'opens to homo numericus; [11.] www.junior-entreprises.com, accessed November 11,
 Strengthen the staff in digital communication and 2021.
especially make the courses that have a mathematical [12.] www.leszed.ed-productions.com, accessed on 05
and computer bias more flexible; December 2021.
 Recruit assistants in the field to facilitate the supervision [13.] www.maisondelaradio.fr, accessed November 11,
of young people who choose this option; 2021.
 To provide information on the opportunities in [14.] www.youtube.com, accessed on April 20, 2022.
multimedia communication as presented in this article of
the different digital professions.

V. CONCLUSION

This article has allowed us to understand not only the

stakes of the teaching in multimedia, which is an important
option in the Information and Communication Sciences
field, but also to detect the purposes or professions of the
multimedia that the training program of the digitalists
pursues.

We first elucidated key concepts of our study, then

detailed the subjects that are in the training program in order
to stimulate students to follow this training program that
meets the current needs in a digital culture.

We also applaud the idea behind the new LMD system

(Bachelor - Master - Doctorate) in our country. With the
restructuring, Multimedia will now start from the first year,
which will open more horizons to new researchers in the
field of digital communication.

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[1.] BOBUTAKA, B., Science, Multimedia, Archives,

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[2.] DE KETELE, J-M. and ROEGIERS, X.,
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des méthodes d'observation, de questionnaires,
d'interviews et d'études de documents, 3ème edition,
Brussels, De Boeck Université, 1996.
[3.] FORSE, M., " Définir et analyser les réseaux sociaux
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[4.] GAYET, C. and MARIE, X., Web marketing et
communication digitale, Ed Vuibert, 2016.
[5.] HABIB, O., Les outils de la communication digitale -
10 clés pour maîtriser le web marketing, Paris, Ed.
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