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This presentation, based on chapter 2 of the Equity Handbook, offers a conceptual framework for equity analysis, with an emphasis on equity in learning.
The presentation begins with a summary of the philosophical literature on equity and highlights several related principles. The authors argue that equity is inherently a political issue, and measurement cannot be separated from a normative framework about fairness and justice. They propose five categories for the classification of measures of equity - meritocracy, minimum standards, impartiality, equality of condition, and redistribution - and consider how each relate to concepts common in the literature, such as equality of opportunity. The presentation concludes with a summary of the desirable properties of equity measures, among them symmetry, a defined point of perfect equality, scale invariance, and decomposability.