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S. Kalyanaraman
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Harosheth hagoyim: Smithy of nations Paperback – August 22, 2012

by Dr. S. Kalyanaraman (Author)
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El-Ahwat excavations in Israel identify the location as Harosheth hagoyim. The original word is pronounced khar-o-sheth. The place is mentioned in Judges 4.2 of the Bible, Old Testament. Bronze-age contacts extended from El-Ahwat on Kishon river to Rakhigarhi on Sarasvati River. Seafaring merchants traded across the Persian Gulf and from Mt. Mustagh Ata of Tocharian speakers of Turkmenistan who traded in ancu ‘iron’ (cognate amsu ‘soma’) to Caspian Sea across many regions of Ancient Near East including Haifa. This Harosheth hagoyim, ‘smithy of nations’ also evolved early writing systems like Indus script, cuneiform, Aramaic and kharosti. This is a multi-disciplinary account of cultural contacts – discovered in archaeological, metallurgical and language studies -- with inventions in smelting, alloying, chariot-making and writing systems, in an extensive region of 2nd millennium BCE with links between Harosheth hagoyim and Proto-Indian speakers/artisans/traders of the smithy of nations. The raison d’etre for this account is to call for more studies to unravel the nature and chronological evolution of the smithy of nations spurred by contacts among traders, artisans and technology innovators of ancient civilizations surrounding the Ancient Near East. During the 3rd millennium BCE, a veritable revolution in the history of civilizations was unleashed with the invention of the smithy supported by the crucible and the forge. The ability to identify metallic minerals, to smelt them, to alloy them to create new metals provided for the next stages of casting ingots and forging metal tools and weapons including ploughshares for the plows, axes, harrows, sickles, swords, knives, linchpins to hold the hubs of axles of spoked-wheels of carts and chariots. These resultant technological developments led to the establishment of state power using improved mobility of troops engaged in warfare, issues of coins from mints and development of markets involving improved seafaring and rapid land-transport of surplus products in bulk for trade activities by caravans of manufactory artisan guilds, merchants’ guilds. Social institutions got transformed beyond recognition as cultures evolved from the chalcolithic era into the bronze-age. The invention of smithy was thus developed further as a trans-state institution of smithy of nations, a development recorded in the Old Testament of the Bible, calling this Harosheth hagoyim. The smithy guilds operating in a variety of new corporate forms, extended their reach beyond state boundaries to become the smithy of nations to meet the demand for metals, metallic tools and weapons produced in the smithy and merchandising them across an expansive interaction area of Eurasia. This development, together with the associated invention of writing systems for bills of lading and other trade transctions, transformed the lebensraum (living space) of bronze-age civilizations of the Ancient Near East. A profound cultural consequence was the formation/evolution of linguistic areas (language unions or sprachbunds such as the Indian sprachbund) with free exchanges of semantic clusters and other language features. The reconstruction of glosses and other language features of Proto-Indian will help evaluate, conclusively, the claims of decipherment of Indus writing. This monograph has not attempted to resolve the polemics of dating and relative chronology of Rigveda and Avestan and directions of migrations of Proto-Indian people. Further studies in the identification of isoglosses, demarcating several linguistic features relatable Indian sprachbund will complement the contributions by studies in Proto-Indo-European and help delineate the cultural framework of the formation and evolution of languages in Indian sprachbund. The apparent semantic links between Tocharian and Indian sprachbund call for a rethink of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) dispersal theories.
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  1. Print length
    260 pages
  2. Language
    English
  3. Publication date
    August 22, 2012
  4. Dimensions
    7 x 0.59 x 10 inches
  5. ISBN-10
    0982897146
  6. ISBN-13
    978-0982897140
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About the Author

Dr. S. Kalyanaraman is Director, Sarasvati Research Center, President, Ramasetu Protection Movement in India and BoD member of World Association for Vedic Studies. His research interests relate to rediscovery of Vedic Sarasvati River, roots of Hindu civilization, decoding of Indus Script, National Water Grid and creation of Indian Ocean Community. He has a Ph.D. in Public Administration from the University of the Philippines. He is a multi-lingual scholar versed in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Sanskrit, Hindi. He was a senior financial and IT executive in Asian Development Bank, Manila, Philippines and on Indian Railways. His 18 publications include: Indian Lexicon - a multilingual dictionary for over 25 Indian languages, Sarasvati in 15 volumes, Indian Alchemy - Soma in the Veda, Indus Script Cipher, Rastram, Indian Hieroglyphs. He is a recipient of many awards including Vakankar Award (2000), Shivananda Eminent Citizens' Award (2008) and Dr. Hedgewar Prajna Samman (2008). Website: http: //sites.google.com/site/kalyan97

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Sarasvati Research Center (August 22, 2012)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 260 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0982897146
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0982897140
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.01 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 7 x 0.59 x 10 inches

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S. Kalyanaraman

S. Kalyanaraman

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S. Kalyanaraman, Ph.D. the editor of the book -- Rastram --, is Director, Sarasvati Research Center, President, Ramasetu Protection Movement in India and BoD member of World Association for Vedic Studies. His research interests relate to rediscovery of Vedic Sarasvati River, roots of Hindu civilization, decoding of Indus Script, National Water Grid and creation of Indian Ocean Community. His Ph.D. is in Public Administration from the Universitty of the Philippines. He is a multi-lingual scholar versed in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Sanskrit, Hindi. He was a senior financial and IT executive in Asian Development Bank, Manila, Philippines and on Indian Railways. His 18 publications include: Indus Script Cipher, Indian Lexicon - a multilingual dictionary for over 25 Indian languages, Sarasvati in 15 volumes, Indian Alchemy - Soma in the Veda. He is a recipient of many awards including Vakankar Award (2000), Shivananda Eminent Citizens’ Award (2008) and Dr. Hedgewar Prajna Samman (2008). Website: https://sites.google.com/site/indianoceancommunity1/

http://bharatkalyan97.blogspot.in/

His magnum opus, Indian Lexicon: A comparative dictionary of over 25+ ancient languages of India presents over 8000 semantic clusters defining the Indian sprachbund (speech union) of ca. 4th millennium BCE.This work is available, shared online https://drive.google.com/file/d/11lITb_U0FotO90MfkKIxkxiwmiRbSds1/view?usp=sharing

Indus Script: Meluhha metalwork hieroglyphs

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Cultural history of Bharatam Janam: Indus Script metalwork catalogs

By Srinivasan Kalyanaraman

Indus Script Cipher: Hieroglyphs of Indian linguistic area

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Indian hieroglyphs: Invention of writing.

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Outrage for dharma: Pass on the heritage of resistance

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A theory for wealth of nations: Market economics overturn Adam Smith and Karl Marx

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Harappa Script & Language: Data minining of Corpora, tantra yukti & knowledge discovery of a civilization

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Harosheth hagoyim: Smithy of nations

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Meluhha: A visible language

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Meluhha: Tree of life

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Codex Sarasvati, The Movie

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Harappa Script Primer: Cryptography for metalwork trade

By S Kalyanaraman

Economic History of Ancient India: Artha 'wealth' of Vedic Rastram

By S. Kalyanaraman

Indus Writing: logo semantic rebus, hypertext transfer of Meluhha metalwork wealth accounting

By S. Kalyanaraman

Proving the form and function of Indus Script Hypertexts: Hypertext Transfer Protocol of ca. 3300 BCE rebus Meluhha spoken metaphor is the cipher

By S Kalyanaraman

Indian Ocean Community: Uniting nations on path of progress

By S. Kalyanaraman

Sagan finds Sarasvati: An illustrated novel

By S Kalyanaraman

Samskrta Bharati: Indus Script Dictionary, epigraphia mlecchita vikalpa 'meluhha cipher'.

By S Kalyanaraman

Indus Script deciphered: Rosetta stones, mlecchita vikalpa, 'Meluhha cipher'

By S Kalyanaraman

Rastram: Hindu history in United Indian Ocean States

By S. Kalyanaraman

Akkadian Rising Sun: An illustrated novel

By S. Kalyanaraman

Philosophy of symbolic forms in Meluhha cipher.

By S. Kalyanaraman

Indus Writing is Mlecchita Vikalpa: Meluhha rebus cipher of Indian sprachbund (language union), c. 3300 BCE

By S Kalyanaraman

Epigraphia Indus Script Volume 1: Hypertexts & Meanings

By S. Kalyanaraman

Epigraphia Indus Script Volume 2: Hypertexts & Meanings

By S. Kalyanaraman

Epigraphia Indus Script Volume 3: Hypertexts & Meanings

By S. Kalyanaraman

Indus Writing in ancient Near East: Corpora and a Dictionary

By S. Kalyanaraman

About the author

Dr. S. Kalyanaraman is Director, Sarasvati Research Center; President, Ramasetu Protection Movement in India; and BoD member of World Association for Vedic Studies. His research interest relate to rediscovery of Vedic Sarasvati River, roots of Hindu civilization, decoding of Indus Script, National Water Grid and creation of Indian Ocean Comunity.

He has a Ph.D. in Public Administration from the University of the Philippines; was awarded Honorary D.Litt by Deccan College, Pune, Deemed University. He is a multi-lingual scholar versed in Sanskrit, Hindi, Telugu and Tamil. He is a recipient of the prestigious Vakankar Award (2000); Shivananda Eminent Citizens' Award (2008) and Dr. Hedgewar Prajna Samman (2008); Mythic Society Centenary Award (2009).

His 1900+ monographs on civilization studies are available and shared at

https://independent.academia.edu/SrinivasanKalyanaraman

His magnum opus, Indian Lexicon: A comparative dictionary of over 25+ ancient languages of India presents over 8000 semantic clusters defining the Indian sprachbund (speech union) of ca. 4th millennium BCE.This work is available, shared online

file:///C:/Users/HP/OneDrive/IndianLexicon.pdf

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