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Monday, 03/03/2008 8:29:07 AM

Monday, March 03, 2008 8:29:07 AM

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PR 3-3-08: Radiolabeled Bavi for Imaging in 3-1-08 CCR(AACR)

Publication in Clinical Cancer Research Confirms Ability of Peregrine's Bavituximab to Target Tumor Blood Vessels with Excellent Specificity
• Data Further Supports High Degree of Tumor Targeting Specificity for Bavituximab
• Currently in Phase II Cancer Trials in Combination with Chemotherapy
• Imaging Study Also Suggests Potential Utility of Anti-PS Agents for Molecular Imaging of Tumors

http://ir.peregrineinc.com/releasedetail.cfm?ReleaseID=297022

TUSTIN, March 3, 2008: Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: PPHM), a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company developing monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of cancer and hepatitis C virus infection, today reported publication of a new preclinical study in Clinical Cancer Research that supports the specific tumor targeting properties of the company's novel anti-phosphatidylserine (anti-PS) antibody platform. Peregrine's most advanced anti-PS monoclonal antibody, bavituximab, is currently in Phase II cancer trials in combination with chemotherapy.

The newly published study demonstrates that in a model of prostate cancer, bavituximab's phosphatidylserine target is specifically exposed in tumors, but not in normal tissues. When labeled with a radioisotope, bavituximab preferentially targeted the tumor blood vessels, strongly localizing to the tumors rather than normal organs. The study was conducted by Dr. Philip Thorpe and his colleagues at UT Southwestern Medical Center and is published in the 3-1-2008 issue of Clinical Cancer Research [ AACR Journal, http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org ]. It is the latest in a series of preclinical studies that have confirmed important elements of the mechanism of action of bavituximab.

"These results confirming the high specificity of bavituximab to target tumor blood vessels with little or no localization to normal tissues support the good safety profile and encouraging signs of anti-tumor activity seen to date with bavituximab," said Dr. Thorpe, professor of pharmacology at UT Southwestern and a member of Peregrine's Scientific Resource Board. "Bavituximab's ability to achieve unusually clear images of tumors in living animals also suggests that it might have utility for the non-invasive imaging of tumors in cancer patients. Although the study was conducted in rats bearing prostate tumors, we expect that the observations will extend to other solid tumor types as well."

In the study, researchers administered radiolabeled bavituximab to rats with prostate tumors and then conducted molecular imaging studies of the rats over the next several days. The results showed that radiolabeled bavituximab localized to the tumor blood vessels with great specificity. In these subjects, 22 times as much bavituximab localized to the tumor compared to the liver when measured 72 hours post-injection. The study further showed no specific localization of bavituximab to blood or other tissues including the heart, kidney, intestine, muscle, bone and brain. The tumor blood vessel-selective targeting observed in vivo in the study was confirmed by further bio-distribution analyses and by histology studies.

"This important new peer-reviewed study reinforces earlier evidence that bavituximab targets tumor blood vessels with excellent specificity," said Steven W. King, president and CEO of Peregrine. "As we continue to advance the cancer clinical program for bavituximab, these types of studies are expanding the body of scientific evidence demonstrating the highly specific nature of bavituximab's ability to target PS on tumor blood vessels."

Bavituximab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to a phospholipid called phosphatidylserine that is usually located inside normal cells, but which becomes exposed on the outside of the cells that line the blood vessels of tumors, creating a specific target for anti-cancer treatments. Bavituximab is believed to help mobilize the body's immune system to destroy the blood vessels needed for tumor growth and spread. In a Phase Ib pilot trial in advanced cancer patients, bavituximab plus chemotherapy appeared to have a safety profile consistent with chemotherapy alone and showed positive signs of clinical activity, achieving objective response or disease stabilization in 50% of the evaluable patients. Peregrine has received regulatory approval to conduct three Phase II trials to study the anti-tumor effects of bavituximab in combination with chemotherapy. These include a breast cancer trial of bavituximab in combination with docetaxel that is currently enrolling patients, a breast cancer protocol assessing bavituximab in combination with carboplatin plus paclitaxel and a non-small cell lung cancer protocol assessing bavituximab in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel. Bavituximab is in clinical trials in the U.S. in patients with advanced solid tumors and in patients co-infected with HCV and HIV.

The study, "Vascular Imaging of Solid Tumors in Rats with a Radioactive Arsenic-Labeled Antibody that Binds Exposed Phosphatidylserine," by Marc Jennewein, Matthew A. Lewis, Dawen Zhao, Edward Tsyganov, Nikolai Slavine, Jin He, Linda Watkins, Vikram D. Kodibagkar, Sean O'Kelly, Padmakar Kulkarni, Peter P. Antich, Alex Hermanne, Frank Rosch, Ralph P. Mason and Philip E. Thorpe, appears in the March 1, 2008 issue of Clinical Cancer Research.

[ Note – from a 2-29-08 UTSW article – see below:
The research was funded by Gillson Longenbaugh Foundation, National Cancer Institute, Peregrine Pharmaceuticals Inc., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Dept. of Defense. ]


ABOUT PEREGRINE PHARMACEUTICALS
Peregrine Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical company with a portfolio of innovative product candidates in clinical trials for the treatment of cancer and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The company is pursuing 3 separate clinical programs in cancer and HCV infection with its lead product candidates bavituximab and Cotara(R). Peregrine also has in-house manufacturing capabilities through its wholly owned subsidiary Avid Bioservices, Inc. (http://www.avidbio.com), which provides development and bio-manufacturing services for both Peregrine and outside customers. Additional information about Peregrine can be found at http://www.peregrineinc.com.

Safe Harbor *snip*

Contacts: GendeLLindheim BioCom Partners
Investors: 800-987-8256, info@peregrineinc.com
Media: Barbara Lindheim, 212-918-4650
*end*

= = = = = = =
Public Release: 1-Mar-2008: Clinical Cancer Research
Gillson Longenbaugh Foundation, NIH/NCI, Peregrine Pharmaceuticals Inc., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, US DOD
Contact: Connie Piloto, UT SW Medical Center

“Arsenic Aids Tumor Imaging When Joined to Cancer-homing Drug”
http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/538242
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2008-03/usmc-aat022908.php
NEWSWISE — Arsenic linked to a drug that binds to the blood vessels of cancerous tumors provides a powerful imaging agent that could one day allow physicians to detect hard-to-find tumors and more closely monitor cancer’s response to therapy, researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found.

The findings, based on animal studies and appearing in today’s [3-1-08] issue of Clinical Cancer Research [AACR Journal], mark the first time arsenic has been used to label antibodies for the detection of tumors.

Dr. Philip Thorpe, professor of pharmacology at UT Southwestern and senior author of the study, helped create the cancer drug called bavituximab, an antibody that homes in on a specific molecular target on the blood vessels that feed tumors. Bavituximab is being tested in clinical trials to treat solid-tumor cancers in combination with chemotherapy.

“While arsenic has been used as a poison for centuries, the dose of arsenic needed for imaging tumors is about one-millionth of that needed to cause toxicity,” Dr. Thorpe said. “Arsenic-labeled bavituximab appears to be safe.”

In the study, Dr. Thorpe and his colleagues injected radioarsenic-labeled bavituximab into rats with prostate tumors. When the bavituximab bound to its target on the the tumor blood vessels, the tag-along arsenic created a “hot spot” that researchers then imaged using positron emission tomography methods. The radioactivity levels produced by the arsenic are comparable to those used in standard, routine imaging procedures in humans. The technique allowed them to locate and capture unusually clear images of the tumors. They also discovered that there was little or no detectable uptake of bavituximab by normal organs, including the liver, a common site where drugs become entrapped.

“We hope to use this technique to detect early tumor deposits that are not visible using other imaging techniques,” said Dr. Thorpe. “The images we obtain are so clear that we may be able to see secondary tumors that have spread from the original tumor mass and lodged in distant organs.”

The forms of arsenic used in the experiments are called radionuclides, which are radioactive versions, or isotopes, of the element. Several radionuclides currently are used in imaging, but many of the isotopes decay, or breakdown, before they reach the target in the body. The slow rate of decay of arsenic isotopes, together with their stable chemistry, allowed the researchers to couple arsenic to bavituximab and obtain images of the tumors for several days after the drug was given. Optimal tumor imaging in humans is often achieved 3 days or more after a radio-labeled antibody is administered.

“Long neglected as an awkward Cinderella, arsenic has great potential for new imaging agents and therapeutics based on multiple isotopes with diverse useful characteristics,” said Dr. Ralph Mason, professor of radiology, director of the UT Southwestern Cancer Imaging Program and one of the study’s authors.

Dr. Mason recently received a grant from the Dept. of Defense Breast Cancer Initiative to investigate whether arsenic could be used to image breast tumors.

In addition to Drs. Thorpe and Mason, other investigators in UT Southwestern’s Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center carried out the research in collaboration with colleagues from UT Austin, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz in Germany and the University of Brussels in Belgium. The collaboration included pharmacologists, physicists and chemists.

Other UT Southwestern scientists involved in the study were Dr. Matthew Lewis, assistant professor of radiology; Dr. Dawen Zhao, assistant professor of radiology; Dr. Edward Tsyganov, clinical assistant professor of radiology; Dr. Nikolai Slavine, assistant professor of radiology; Linda Watkins, research scientist in pharmacology; Dr. Vikram Kodibagkar, assistant professor of radiology; and Dr. Peter Antich, professor of radiology.

The research was funded by Gillson Longenbaugh Foundation, National Cancer Institute, Peregrine Pharmaceuticals Inc., Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Dept. of Defense.

Peregrine has exclusively licensed bavituximab from UT Southwestern and has a sponsored research agreement to further explore clinical uses of the drug.

Dr. Thorpe is a consultant to and has an equity interest in the company.

Visit http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/cancercenter to learn more about UT Southwestern’s clinical services in cancer.

IMAGE GALLERY - UT Southwestern Medical Center


Drs. Philip Thorpe (left), professor of pharmacology, and Ralph Mason, professor of radiology, have shown in animals that arsenic linked to a drug that binds to the blood vessels of cancerous tumors provides a powerful imaging agent.
http://www.newswise.com/images/uploads/2008/02/29/fullsize/Thorpe_Mason_-NR-202.jpg.jpg

CCR Home: http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org
CCR, 3-1-08 Issue, TOC: http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/cgi/issue_pdf-embargo/toc_pdf/14/5.pdf
“Vascular Imaging of Solid Tumors in Rats with a Radioactive Arsenic-Labeled Antibody that Binds Exposed Phosphatidylserine”
Marc Jennewein, Matthew A. Lewis, Dawen Zhao, Edward Tsyganov, Nikolai Slavine, Jin He, Linda Watkins, Vikram D. Kodibagkar, Sean O’Kelly, Padmakar Kulkarni, Peter P. Antich, Alex Hermanne, Frank Rösch, Ralph P. Mason, and Philip E. Thorpe – pg. 1377

OTHER NEWS OUTLETS CARRYING THIS STORY:
http://in.news.yahoo.com/ani/20080302/r_t_ani_hl/thl-arsenic-helps-in-tumour-imaging-when-3b18f0d.html
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/03/080301214730.htm
http://www.rxpgnews.com/cancer-research/Arsenic_likely_to_be_powerful_imaging_agent_in_detecting_cancers_92421.shtml
http://www.medindia.net/news/Arsenic-Helps-in-Tumour-Imaging-When-Linked-to-Cancer-homing-Drug-33691-1.htm

= = = = = = = =
THREE DOD GRANTS TO THORPE/MASON (UTSW) FOR BAVI/AC PRE-CLINICAL STUDIES:

4-25-06 3rd DOD Grant: $460k, Mason, Bavi+Rad vs. Breast Cancer http://tinyurl.com/v9hye
Dr. Mason: "Since bavituximab's unique target is expressed on blood vessels in tumors but not in normal tissues, it may have both safety & efficacy advantages compared to other antibodies. We are eager to assess the utility of a bavituximab radioimmunoconjugate for the identification and treatment of metastatic breast disease." CEO S.King, "Data from this project could open the door for use of Bavituximab as an agent to identity, measure and ultimately destroy the metastases that kill most cancer patients."
...Dr. Mason’s 18pg 4-2007 Ann.Rept (PDF) for DOD Grant3: http://tinyurl.com/2jz3rp
...Dr. Mason’s 8-2006 poster at SMI-2006, “Optical Imaging of Exposed PS” (1-pg PDF): http://tinyurl.com/ys2afj
...Dr. Ralph Mason's 2-2006 Lecture Video w/6 mins. on Bavi: http://tinyurl.com/yqxngq

1-18-06 2nd DOD Grant: $585k, Mason, Bavi+Chemo vs. Prostate Cancer http://tinyurl.com/y683vn
Dr. Mason: "This new prostate cancer grant, which brings together the expertise of several disciplines at UT-SW, will employ advanced techniques such as MRI tumor oximetry to measure dynamic changes in the tumors. We expect that the findings of these studies will be directly applicable to the design of Tarvacin clin. trials for prostate cancer."
...Dr. Mason’s 16pg 1-2007 Ann.Rept (PDF) for DOD Grant2: http://tinyurl.com/2jz3rp
...Dr. Mason’s 9-2007 poster (PDF) at DOD/IMPACT Conf: http://tinyurl.com/2mql39 & http://tinyurl.com/2jalhs

11-3-05 1st DOD Grant: $583k, Thorpe, Bavi+Chemo vs. Prostate Cancer http://tinyurl.com/wcwl7
Dr. Thorpe: "This DOD grant will enable us to further investigate current evidence that Bavi in combo with chemo strongly inhibits tumor growth in pre-clin. models of prostate cancer. Receipt of this peer-reviewed DOD grant signals the growing scientific interest & acceptance of the potential therapeutic value of our VTAs"
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