Wembley, Wimbledon, Lord's and a brand new stadium in east London will form the basis of Britain's bid to host the 2012 Olympics.
Tourist landmarks Hyde Park, Regent's Park and Horse Guards Parade have also been earmarked for events.
"The London 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games will enhance sport in London and the UK forever," said bid chairman Barbara Cassani at Friday's launch.
Prime Minister Tony Blair has also lent his backing to London's campaign.
"We have a huge passion for sport in this country which puts us in a very strong position," he said.
"I hope we are given the chance to host the world's most important sporting event in the world's greatest capital city."
Cassani also revealed that cities outside London will host some events, notably the earlier rounds of the football tournament.
Cardiff (Millennium Stadium), Glasgow (Hampden Park), Windsor Park (Belfast), Manchester (Old Trafford), Newcastle (St James' Park) and Birmingham (Villa Park) could all stage matches if the London bid is successful.
Wembley will host both the men's and women's football finals, tennis will be held at Wimbledon and Lord's will stage archery events while athletics, swimming and cycling will be at the Olympic Park.
Hyde Park will have road cycling and triathlon events, Regents Park will stage baseball and softball while there will be beach volleyball in Horse Guards Parade.
Brand new facilities will be built in the Olympic Park in the east of the capital as part of plans to regenerate a rundown area of the city.
They will include an 80,000-seat stadium, an aquatic centre - which will be built whether or not the bid is successful - and a velodrome.
Bid organisers are keen to stress that their plans for the Olympic Park offer the most compact venue ever proposed to the International Olympic Committee.
Many of the 28 sports will be within 15 minutes of the athletes village and only a seven-minute train ride from central London.
"Our people, especially the young, will benefit from new facilities," said Cassani.
"Our next generation of athletes will be better equipped to develop into future Olympians.
"Our Games will deliver the best for athletes. A compact Olympic Park with easy access from living quarters to competition venues.
An artist's drawing of the proposed Olympic Park in east London
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"Competitors will be inspired to deliver personal best performances against the backdrop of London's world-famous landmarks."
Mayor of London Ken Livingstone said London was the greatest world city, with more than 300 languages spoken.
"No other city in the world has the scale of diversity we have here," he said.
"In a sense, therefore, London represents the Olympic ideal of destroying the barriers that divide us and bringing people together."
Paris, one of London's rivals, unveiled its bid with a glitzy ceremony at the Eiffel Tower on Friday.
New York, Madrid, Moscow, Leipzig, Istanbul, Rio de Janeiro and Havana are also vying to host the Games in 2012.
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BOOKMAKERS' FAVOURITES
11/8 Paris
5/2 London
6/1 Madrid
8/1 New York
8/1 Rio
16/1 Moscow
25/1 Leipzig
33/1 Istanbul
100/1 Havana
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As well as Prime Minister Tony Blair, a number of British Olympians and Paralympics attended the launch.
The list of cities who have made the initial cut will be announced by the IOC in May, with the candidate cities then required to submit more detailed bid information in November.
IOC president Jacques Rogge has already said it is possible that few, if any, cities will be eliminated at the first hurdle.
The list of cities who have made the initial cut will be announced by the IOC in May, with the candidate cities then required to submit more detailed bid information in November.
The winner will be decided by a vote of IOC members in Singapore in July 2005.
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Competitors will be inspired to deliver personal best performances against the backdrop of London's world-famous landmarks
