Content-type:text/html How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad, a Web Server, and a Beer ~ Stephen's Web ~ by Stephen Downes
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How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad, a Web Server, and a Beer

By Stephen Downes
July 29, 2003

The ultimate low-tech guide to creating your own RSS feed. An RSS (Rich Site Summary) feed is an XML file used to describe the contents of your website. As your website content changes, your RSS feed changes. Other computer systems, known as 'aggregators' or 'harvesters', read your RSS feed everyt once in a while. If you have provided new information, the aggregator takes that information and sends it to readers around the world. Thus information about your site's contents is 'syndicated', that is, rebroadcast to a much larger audience.

Step One: Getting Ready

Notepad: an RSS file is a plain text file. This means it can be created with any ordinary text editor. Windows Notepad will do the job. You can also use Wordpad or even MS-Word. But you will have to be sure to save your file as plain text. Any formatting breaks the RSS file. Save in plain text only. I prefer to use a text editor called NoteTab. It is a plain text editor and never surprises me with unexpected formatting. http://www.notetab.com In Linux I use Bluefish. http://bluefish.openoffice.nl/

The server: if you have a website, you have a server. The server is where your website is located. You need to be able to load files to your server. If you can put your home page on your server, you will use exactly the same process for your RSS file.

The beer: get a beer from your fridge or buy one from your local store. Open the beer.

Step Two: Find a Template

The easiest way to create an RSS file is to copy someone else's. You don't need to worry about this; you will be replacing all of their content, and the format of the file is freely licensed for use by anyone. Here is a short, simple template file you can use:

(Copy everything below this line, but not including this line) 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>
 <rss version="0.91">

 <channel>
 <title>OLDaily</title>
 <link>http://www.downes.ca/news/OLDaily.htm</link>
 <description>OLDaily - By Stephen Downes </description>
 <language>en-us</language>

 <image>
 <title>Stephen's Web</title>
 <url>http://www.downes.ca/images/rss.gif</url>
 <link>http://www.downes.ca</link>
 <width>90</width>
 <height>36</height>
 </image>

<item>
 <title>Attack Update</title>
 <link>http://www.downes.ca</link>
 <description>
 OK, here's where we stand. I have no email into
or out of downes.ca - this means that if you are sending me
email to stephen@downes.ca it will fail. It also means that
newsletter mailouts are failing (at least, I think they're
failing...). Additionally, all scheduled processes have
terminated, which means that Edu_RSS will be updated
manually. I have no tech support until at least tomorrow,
so it looks like we'll be limping along like this for a
bit. Again, please note, email sent to me at downes.ca is
not reaching me. By Stephen Downes, Stephen's Web, July
22, 2003
 </description>
 </item>
 <item>
 <title>Attack on Downes.ca</title>
 <link>http://www.downes.ca</link>
 <description>
 Downes.ca was off the air for a few days
following a denial of service attack. We are back for now
but things are still touch and go. I'll keep you posted. 
By Stephen Downes, July 21, 2003
 </description>
 </item>
 </channel>
 </rss>

(Stop copying at this line. Do not copy this line.)

Take the text you have just copied and paste it into your text editor. Save this as a new file called (say) mysite.rss - you can call your saved file anything you want, but it is a lot easier if you indicate the name of your site and use .rss as an extension, just so people can tell by looking at the title what your file does. Remember to save the file in plain text format. Take a sip of the beer. You've earned it.

Step Three: Defining Your Channel

Now look at the file you have just copied into your text editor. Near the top, notice that there is a line that says <channel>. The information following this tag, and above the tag that says </channel>, will be where you describe your website as a whole.

You need to enter four pieces of information. The information goes between the tags, where information about my site is currently located. Delete the information about my site and type in the information about your site. Specifically:

    title: this is the title of your site
    link: this is the URL to the home page of your site
    description: this is a short description of your site
    language: this is the language your site is written in (you need to use the official format for this, so if your site in English, just leave this line the way it is)

You only need to create this part once. You can change it any time you want, but you do not have to. Once this part is done, therefore, it is done forever. Take a sip of your beer. You've earned it.

Step Four: Your Image

This part of your RSS file is optional; you don't have to add an image if you don't want to. Your image will be used by some aggregators to provide some visual identity to your RSS feed.

You will need to create an image first. Use any image editor (I use PaintShop Pro - http://www.paintshoppro.com/ ). Your image should be very small: my image is 90 pixels wide by 36 inches deep. You can either create a new image for your site image or do as I did: use PaintShop Pro to capture a bit of the site that looks nice, then reduce it in size.

You can put your image anywhere you want, but I recommend uploading it to the same directory as your RSS file.

Then describe your image in just the same way you described your channel: by replacing my text and using your own.

    title: the title of your image, usually the title of your website. This is often used as an image 'alt' tag.
    url: the location of your image on the web. Use the FULL url, including the http
    link: the URL people are sent to if they click on your image. This is usually the same URL as your channel link URL
    width: the width of your image, in pixels
    height: the height of your image, in pixels

As with the channel tag, once you've done this step once, you never have to do it again. This was a long step, so take a couple of sips of beer.

Step Five: Defining Your Links

Your site may contain one or more articles you want readers to read. This is the part that changes from time to time. For example, Technology Source publishes a set of eight or so articles every two months. So every two months, you need to change this list, to reflect the current contents of Technology Source.

Each article is described by an <item> tag. In the example above, I have included two items. You can see that the description for each starts at the <item> tag and ends with the </item> tag.

In between the item tags are some tags containing information about the article. To create information about an article, remove the information about my articles, and replace it with your own. If you have more than two articles, copy an article tag (everything between and , including these tags) and paste it below the second item, and above the </channel> tag. Then enter your content:

    title: this is the title of the article
    link: this is the URL of the article itself
    description: this is a short summary of the article. Note that I use description to include information about the author and the date.

Create an item for each article. Then save your file and have a sip of your beer.

Step Six: Escape Characters

Now we come to the trickiest part of creating an RSS file.

An RSS file is an XML file. Some characters are illegal in XML. So you have to 'escape' them, that is, insert a text string in their place. Here is the list I use (not all of these are strictly required, but using this full list ensures maximum safety).

    & - replace all instances of '&' with the following: &amp;
    - Don't forget the URL! Many URLs have ampersands in them.
    - If a link element is http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5 then you must change it to http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5

    " - change every full quote to &quot;
    - For example: He shouted, "Fire!" becomes, He shouted, &quot;Fire!&quot;

    ' - change every apostraphe to &apos;
    - For example: It's his bike. becomes It&apos;s his bike.

    > - change every 'greater than' character to &gt; - but DO NOT change them in the tags.
    - For example, <description> am > three feet tall</description> becomes <description>I am &gt; three feet tall</description>

    < - change every 'less than' character tag to &lt; - but DO NOT change them in the tags
    - For example: "<description>I have < five dollars</description> becomes <description>I had &lt; five dollars</description>

    Step Seven: Uploading Your File

    Upload your file to your web server. It is best to put it in the same directory as your home page, though you could place it anywhere you want.

    You now have a working RSS feed. Congratulations. Have another sip of beer.

    Step Eight: Validating Your RSS File

    Strictly speaking, this step is optional, but it is strongly recommended since it's easy to make a mistake on step six.

    To validate your RSS file, go to an RSS validator on the Web and enter the full URL of your RSS file into the form. Click the button. If there are any errors, the validator will tell you about them. Otherwise, it will validate your file.

    Here are some validators:

      http://aggregator.userland.com/validator

      http://feeds.archive.org/Fvalidator/

      If your feed is valid, have a sip of your beer. Otherwise, correct the error and try again.

      Step Nine: Advertising Your Feed

      You need to tell people that your feed exists. They are not (necessarily) going to find it through Google. There are two major ways to do this.

      First, add an XML button to your home page. An XML button is a little organge image that links to your RSS file. You've probably seen them on other web pages. Get a copy of the image (one is located at http://www.downes.ca/images/xml.gif ) and upload it to your website.Then place the image, with a link, on your home page. For example, place the following code on your home page:

      <a href="http://www.mysite.com/mysite.rss"><=img src="xml.gif" width=36 height=14 alt="RSS feed for this site" border=0></a>

      Second, you can submit your site's RSS feed URL to various aggregators. This will tell them to start checking your RSS feed for updates. Here are some aggregators:

        Daypop: http://www.daypop.com/info/submit.htm
        Syndic8: http://www.syndic8.com/suggest.php?Mode=data
        Edu_RSS: http://www.downes.ca/cgi-bin/xml/feeds.cgi

      Finish your beer. You're done. Don't forget to recycle the bottle.

      Note: these are instructions for creating a basic RSS feed. The RSS standard can be extended in a variety of ways. But this is a good starting point: your feed will be fully functional, and most important, it will work. Get to know and love your feed. After a time, you may want to look at the world of RSS 1.0 and RSS 2.0 and the various ways to add more information. When you add functionality, you will use the same process: find a template, apply the rules, and validate. But give it time. Be comfortable, then move on.

      Comments

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      STK74, November 21, 2008

      Great Article!It saved me so much time! thank you so much!

      Steph [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      luigie, October 20, 2008

      Hi Again
      Wow! It really worked:-) and what's more validated first time of asking.
      So if you have have difficulty with Steven's instructions cut the beer and have red wine (must be Rioja) instead:-D otherwise all other instructions are spot on.
      Thanks Steven
      Best regards
      luigie
      [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      luigie, October 17, 2008

      Hi
      Just read through your RSS feed creation, will try it later tonight as I have to go & do some training (swimming).
      Can i use a red wine (Riorja) instead of beer, or will this affect the validation? :-D
      Joking aside it looks reasonably simple even to a 'dummy'.
      Best regards
      luigie [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      GreenIT, September 25, 2008

      This is a very good tutorial but it seems it is only directing how to create a Feed that needs you to edit the RSS file everytime you want to add new content.
      Rather than using a scraping tool or a whole CMS platform I'd like to really get to grips with how to write the code that can automatically send updates via RSS each time an item is changed on your website.
      Wiki's do this really well its just that a lot of them look terrible.

      Any advice, instruction or direction would be warmly welcomed.

      Once again top instruction and delivered in a very relaxing way, if only all tutorials were as good. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      GreenIT, September 25, 2008

      This is a very good tutorial but it seems it is only directing how to create a Feed that needs you to edit the RSS file everytime you want to add new content.
      Rather than using a scraping tool or a whole CMS platform I'd like to really get to grips with how to write the code that can automatically send updates via RSS each time an item is changed on your website.
      Wiki's do this really well its just that a lot of them look terrible.

      Any advice, instruction or direction would be warmly welcomed.

      Once again top instruction and delivered in a very relaxing way, if only all tutorials were as good. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      thank you

      enoo, September 24, 2008

      but i want to display thumb image for each item how can i do that please .. i tried to do that to my site http://www.ebooksdownloadfree.com but no images appear [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      toplist

      toplist, September 22, 2008

      I validated it OK, super cool, and I am "drunk" I will have another beer to celebrate, thanks again toplist
      [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, August 14, 2008

      thanks. I really enjoyed that beer [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, August 13, 2008

      Hey! Great article. Noticed a big mistake though, OK, maybe not big...

      The part where you describe using "special script" for special characters? This is what you put on the page:
      & - replace all instances of '&' with the following: &
      - Don't forget the URL! Many URLs have ampersands in them.
      - If a link element is http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5 then you must change it to http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5

      Notice you repeated the same URL without correcting the "&" to "&".

      Hope that helps!

      The Lost Gypsy
      Michael Lovett
      lost_gypsy@hotmail.com [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Stephen Downes, July 15, 2008

      Yeah, sorry, it doesn't come out properly.

      The ampersands in the link need to be escaped. That si, converted from: &

      to: & amp;

      (close the space - when I don't put the space in there it is rendered as & on your page, creting the comfusion you saw).

      [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, July 14, 2008

      Am I the only one who is confused by this?:

      "- If a link element is http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5 then you must change it to http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5"

      Hmm... How are they different? [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, July 11, 2008

      Wow! Fantastic! This helped so much! :D Stupid Freewebs had blog problems, so I went and just made a regular web page, with different sections for each blog entry. Now I'll just add the RSS feed I just build and it'll be a real blog! Well, that, and also I need to add some kind of comment widget... [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      gowerboy, July 11, 2008

      Hi Stephen,
      You are absolutely fantastic, and thanks to your very easy instructions, I was able to create an RSS feed in next to no time (well, it would have been quicker if I hadn't had to stop for lunch, take the dog for a walk and find somewhere to buy the beer! In the end unfortunately I had to make do with a cup of coffee, but the RSS feed is working A1, so the coffee must have been a good substitute!)
      Validation went like a dream too, although the raviwar.com site suggested wasn't working, but on the other hand, the validator http://feedvalidator.org/ was brilliant, and confirmed that all was well, so I'm fully 'live' now.
      Thanks again. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, June 25, 2008

      I need the beer now, I finally finished this! Worked like a charm except for my typo's you would think I had the beer! I didn't put the image in it gave me too much grief. Thanks for the good directions [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, June 23, 2008

      Thanks for this wonderful article...I'm going to use this for now...mainly I'm looking for a way to have the RSS feed also reflect any updates to content without having to create a new .rss document manually each time I update the content. My content is on a .php page and not using mySQL or anything, just straight html...anybody know how to do this? [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, June 19, 2008

      Thanks for the description on how to create an RSS feed... It was simple and EASY to use and the BEST help that I've found online. Welp, back to finish that beer off... :P [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, June 8, 2008

      That is absolutely the easiest and best directions.. My image does not display and I cannot figure why.
      Thank you [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, May 29, 2008

      Great guide, just finished my site thanks to this!
      http://www.mattchoules.co.uk

      One thing though, when talking about the RSS image:
      "Your image should be very small: my image is 90 pixels wide by 36 inches deep"
      should be:
      "Your image should be very small: my image is 90 pixels wide by 36 pixels deep"

      Maybe less beer next time...

      ^_^ [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, May 24, 2008

      OMG THANK YOU SO MUCH IT WORKED BRILLIANT, YOU'RE A STAR!!!! :D [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, May 14, 2008


      I just noticed a very small thing on your post....

      If a link element is http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5 then you must change it to http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5

      Maybe http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5 should be changed to http://www.mysite.com/index.cgi?n=4&p=5?

      i'll try this on my website hope this works!
      [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, May 6, 2008

      Some pages can't fit in to a 800x600 screen. I have to scroll left and right to read all the text., [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Use the following Validator

      Anymouse, May 3, 2008

      I am impressed by the simplicity and power of this article. It took minutes to get the things going in raviwar.com (raviwar.livedemo.info)
      The only speed breaker in the entire process was the validator (The third party website). I finally changed the validator to http://feedvalidator.org/ and whoa.. the things were perfect.
      Nice article dear.. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Take Care of the Validator. That may misguide you

      Anymouse, May 3, 2008

      The validator suggested in this superb article throws error. Do not get misguided by the same. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, April 27, 2008

      I'm still not clear on this!

      I created a feed for my podcasts but the file ends in .xml not .rss. When you click on it, you see a total list of all the files I've uploaded so far, or if you go on iTunes, the newest one attempts to download.

      If I create this file with the URL to my blog, will each article update if the person uses this .rss link? How is the feed for blog info different from my podcast info?

      Answers to themaclady at comcast dot net [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, April 23, 2008

      Ok. Simply put. You rock !! [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, April 20, 2008

      Hi

      Thanks very helpful and easy to understand info I created an RSS file within minutes of reading article

      Thanks Again
      Steve [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, April 19, 2008

      Good information, now I know how to create RSS feeds. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, April 14, 2008

      Thank you so much for the help. I just set up my very first feed. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, March 30, 2008

      Thank mate !

      Here is a sample code that should be put in the <head> part of the website so the auto feed detection is on :-)

      <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml"
      title="Title of your website"
      href="http://www.link-to-your/rss.xml" />

      Once again, a great page indeed ! [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, March 29, 2008

      i feel like woow...this is so simple!!!
      EXcellent instructions ..
      simple and plain like vanilla cup!!! [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, March 19, 2008

      very helpful, particularly looking for the image field, thanks dude! [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, March 13, 2008

      Thankyou so much.
      It was really easy to create a feed following the steps mentioned here, especially for a person like me who had no clue about the RSS Feed

      [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, March 12, 2008

      Thanks!, I had this up and running in 10 minutes. Great job! [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, March 5, 2008

      Agreat page with easy to follow steps great work and ty [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      , February 12, 2008

      Hi Stephen,
      It took me all of one hour and one bottle of beer to get my RSS working after following your instructions.

      Thanks for your help

      Legless [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, January 28, 2008

      Ok, I go to buy the beer... Creating feeds doesn't seem so difficult now. ;-) [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, January 26, 2008

      I hate beer-but I love this article. Thanks
      for everything. We Sell It All Dicker & Deal Here [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, January 23, 2008

      Hi Stephen,

      Thanks for the great article. I have a doubt, supposing I have a page www.mysite.com/myarticles.html & I've created the RSS feed for this page with 5 items. Currently my page has only 5 articles. When I publish the 6th article on the same page, how will my RSS feed file get updated? Will the content on some one else's site be updated with the 6th article.

      Thanks in advance. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      , January 23, 2008

      Hey gr8 article!!! Thanks a lot [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad, a Web Server, and a Beer

      Anymouse, January 22, 2008

      Fantastic article. I dont know how I stumbled upon this site, but I like it. Im all a-twitter! JD admin at worstofboston dot com [Comment] [Permalink]

      [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, December 26, 2007

      so cool it helped me a lot [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, December 9, 2007

      Thanks mate. It was really helpful. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, December 8, 2007

      It is available as both a free service and open source code from http://feed2js.org/. Hosting provided by Modevia Web Serices (thanks!).

      This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

      This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html
      [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, November 30, 2007

      Thanks for the beer advice. Everything went swimmingly. *hic* [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      , November 17, 2007

      Hi Steve,

      I was a little confused about RSS and this morning searched on Google with the keyphrase "create a rss feed in notepad" and found your article. A great piece !!!

      Thanks
      Webmaster
      logopie.com
      [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      , November 14, 2007

      Steve - nice tutorial. I'm a bit of RSS guy too. If anyone would like to take RSS a step further and take a feed and filter it for keyword(s) you can use an automated system http://www.filtermyrss.com [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, September 9, 2007

      I observed the following problem while I was visiting your site: the link to the RSS page is invalid.

      The following html snippet is included in almost all the html pages in your site:



      This makes my Firefox display an RSS icon on the right of the address bar, but when I click it, I get a page not found.

      Alin Hanghiuc. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, August 26, 2007

      if i update my page will mr rss show the update [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, August 20, 2007

      Great work,

      Great article, saved me some reading.

      nolochemical [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

      Re: How to Create an RSS Feed With Notepad

      Anymouse, August 11, 2007

      Thanks. Really helpful.

      Don't forget the meta tag in the head if you want IE7 of FF2 to pick it up. [Comment] [Permalink] [Previous][Next]

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